Abstract: To investigate the effects of different vernalization methods and durations on the vernalization of late⁃bolting common Chinese cabbage，the inbred lines E⁃67 and E⁃50，which exhibit varying levels of bolting resistance，and the control variety Shanghai May Slow were used as experimental materials. Under low⁃temperature conditions of 4 ℃ ，three vernalization methods including green tissue vernalization，light⁃exposed seedling vernalization，and seedling vernalization were applied，along with four vernalization duration gradients of 60，50，40，30 days.We systematically analyzed the effects of these treatments on key indicators of late⁃bolting Chinese cabbage，including bud emergence rate，bud emergence time，breeding effect，and plant growth status. The results indicated that under different vernalization methods，the bud emergence time tended to occur earlier as the duration of low⁃temperature vernalization increased，with significant differences observed between varieties（lines）.The effects of  green tissue vernalization and light⁃exposed seedling vernalization were similar，and both significantly shortened the time required for vernalization compared to traditional seedling vernalization.Plants subjected to green⁃tissue vernalization and light⁃exposed seedling vernalization exhibited robust growth and higher⁃quality bolting；in contrast，seedling vernalization，compared to the other two methods，more readily highlighted differences in bud emergence time among individual plants within a line，facilitating the selection of superior late⁃bolting individuals.In summary，green tissue vernalization and light⁃exposed seedling vernalization are beneficial for accelerating the breeding process of late⁃bolting common Chinese cabbage，while seedling vernalization offers distinct advantages in the selection of superior late⁃bolting individual plants.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, Low?temperature vernalization, Bolting trait, Photoperiod, Green?tissue vernalization, Seedling vernalization, Light?exposed seedling vernalization

摘要： 为探究不同春化方式和时间对晚抽薹型普通白菜春化效果的影响，以耐抽薹特性各异的普通白菜自交系E-67、E-50和对照品种上海五月慢为试验材料，在4 ℃低温条件下设置绿体春化、见光种芽春化、种芽春化3种春化方式，以及60、50、40、30 d 4个春化时间梯度，系统分析不同处理对晚抽薹普通白菜植株现蕾率、现蕾时间、育种效果及植株生长的影响。结果表明，在不同春化方式下，随着低温春化时间的延长，现蕾时间均呈现提前趋势，且品种（株系）间存在明显差异；绿体春化和见光种芽春化效果较为接近，且均较传统种芽春化显著缩短春化所需时间。绿体春化和见光种芽春化处理植株生长健壮，抽薹质量较高；而种芽春化处理相较于前2种方式，更易凸显品系内单株间的现蕾时间差异，有利于晚抽薹优良单株的筛选。综上所述，绿体春化和见光种芽春化有利于加速晚抽薹普通白菜的育种进程，种芽春化则在晚抽薹的优良单株筛选中更具优势。

关键词: 白菜, 低温春化, 抽薹性, 光周期, 绿体春化, 种芽春化, 见光种芽春化