Effects of Different Substrates on Cellulase Activity Produced by Liquid Fermentation of Wild Lyophyllum decastes

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.01.013

Abstract

Abstract: To explore the optimal culture conditions for wild Lyophyllum decastes and its cellulase response characteristics to different agricultural and forestry wastes，and to provide a basis for its artificial domestication and cultivation and the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes，the HMJU13047 strain collected from Changbai Mountain was identified by morphology and molecular biology.The optimal culture conditions for mycelial growth were screened using single‐factor tests.Wheat bran，sawdust，corn cob，and soybean straw as substrates were used to induce fermentation，cellulase activity and physicochemical indicators of fermentation broth were determined.Principal component analysis（PCA） and Pearson correlation analysis were applied to investigate the correlation between cellulase activity and bacterial liquid indices. The results of morphological and molecular biological identification indicated that the HMJU13047 strain used in this study was Lyophyllum decastes.For the mycelial growth of strain HMJU13047，the optimal carbon source was soluble starch（growth rate 1.75 mm/d）；the optimal nitrogen source was peptone（growth rate 1.49 mm/d）and the optimal inorganic salt was magnesium sulfate（growth rate 1.51 mm/d），the optimal carbon‐nitrogen ratio was 15∶1（growth rate 1.37 mm/d），the optimal temperature was 25 ℃（growth rate 1.58 mm/d），and the optimal pH value was 6.0（growth rate 1.60 mm/d）.The induction effects varied significantly among different substrates.Under wheat bran substrate induction，β‐glucosidase（BG）activity was the highest（336.90 U/L），while under sawdust substrate induction，exoglucanase（CBH）activity was the highest（137.32 U/L）.Corn cob and soybean straw mainly activated endoglucanase（EG）.On the 21st day of induction fermentation，the wheat bran substrate‐induced pellets exhibited the highest mycelial density（13.0 pieces/mL）and biomass（1.21 g），whereas the starvation‐induced pellets showed the largest diameter（5.83 mm）and the highest pH value（9.3）.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the mycelial density and biomass of the pellets were positively correlated with BG and EG activities，while an increase in fermentation broth pH inhibited cellulase activity.In conclusion，this study identified the optimal culture conditions for mycelial growth of strain HMJU13047（temperature at 25 ℃，pH value at 6.0，carbon to nitrogen ratio at 15∶1，soluble starch as carbon source，peptone as nitrogen source，magnesium sulfate as inorganic salt）.The wheat bran substrate exhibited the most optimal cellulase induction effect.

Key words: Lyophyllum decastes, Mycelial culture, Cellulase, Matrix induction, Enzyme activity

摘要： 为探究野生荷叶离褶伞最适培养条件及其对不同农林废弃物的纤维素酶响应特性，为其人工驯化栽培和农林废弃物资源化利用提供依据，结合形态学与分子生物学对采自长白山的HMJU13047菌株进行鉴定，采用单因素试验筛选菌丝最优培养条件；利用麦麸、木屑、玉米芯和大豆秸秆基质诱导发酵，测定纤维素酶活性及发酵菌液理化指标，采用主成分分析（PCA）和Pearson相关性分析探讨纤维素酶活性与菌液指标间的相关性。菌株形态学与分子生物学鉴定结果表明，HMJU13047菌株为荷叶离褶伞（Lyophyllum decastes）。HMJU13047菌株菌丝生长的最佳碳源为可溶性淀粉（生长速率1.75 mm/d），最佳氮源为蛋白胨（生长速率1.49 mm/d），最佳无机盐为硫酸镁（生长速率1.51 mm/d）；碳氮比在15∶1（生长速率1.37 mm/d）、温度为25 ℃（生长速率1.58 mm/d）、pH值为6.0（生长速率1.60 mm/d）菌丝长势最佳。不同基质诱导差异显著，麦麸基质诱导下β-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）活性最高（336.90 U/L），木屑基质诱导产外切葡聚糖酶（CBH）活性最高（137.32 U/L），而玉米芯和大豆秸秆则主要激活内切葡聚糖酶（EG）。在诱导发酵第21天，麦麸基质诱导发酵的菌液菌球密度（13.0个/mL）和生物量（1.21 g）最高，饥饿诱导发酵菌液菌球直径（5.83 mm）和pH值（9.3）最大。相关性分析结果表明，菌球密度、生物量与BG、EG活性呈正相关关系，pH值升高抑制纤维素酶活性。综上，筛选出了适合HMJU13047菌株菌丝生长的培养条件（温度为25 ℃、pH值为6.0、碳氮比为15∶1、可溶性淀粉为碳源、蛋白胨为氮源、硫酸镁为无机盐），其中麦麸基质表现出最优的纤维素酶诱导效应。

关键词: 荷叶离褶伞, 菌丝培养, 纤维素酶, 基质诱导, 酶活性

CLC Number:

S646
Q939.96

KONG Yufei, WANG Jintao, JIA Songhan, ZHANG Qidi, YANG Ping, LIANG Yunjiang, XU Jize. Effects of Different Substrates on Cellulase Activity Produced by Liquid Fermentation of Wild Lyophyllum decastes[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 55(1): 139-150.

孔雨非, 王金涛, 贾松寒, 张琪迪, 杨萍, 梁运江, 徐济责. 不同基质诱导野生荷叶离褶伞液态发酵对产纤维素酶活性的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2026, 55(1): 139-150.

Figures/Tables 8

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