A Comparative Study on the Developmental Anatomy of Embryos from Gabengcui Jujube and Golden‐silk Jujube

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.04.011

Abstract

Abstract: To investigate the period of embryo failure in Golden‐silk jujube and discuss the causes of such failure，in this study，external morphological and anatomical observations were made on two varieties of jujube，Gabengcui jujube and Golden‐silk jujube，during different developmental periods.The results showed that the development trend of young fruits of Golden‐silk jujube from 3 d after flowering to 35 d after flowering was smooth，and the development trend of Gabengcui jujube was slow‐fast，and the fruit development of Gabengcui jujube was faster than that of Golden‐silk jujube.And 30 percent of Gabengcui jujube had tridentate split stigmas.Anatomical observation found that Golden‐silk jujube and Gabengcui jujube ovary had two compartments，each bearing an anatropous ovule，but Gabengcui jujube had phenomenon of double embryonic compartments and three ovules with a 30% incidence.In most of the fruits an ovule shrivelled，forming a single ovule.At the beginning of the embryo development process，the endosperm development of Golden‐silk jujube was obviously slower than that of Gabengcui jujube，while the embryo development of Golden‐silk jujube was faster than that of Gabengcui jujube；endosperm disintegration，ovule atrophy and embryo failure phenomenon appeared in Golden‐silk jujube at 30 d after flowering，and the endosperm，ovule and embryo of Golden‐silk jujube disappeared at 35 d after flowering.The embryo，endosperm and bead centre of Gabengcui jujube developed normally.On the whole，the fruit development of Gabengcui jujube was faster than that of Golden‐silk jujube.The embryo abortion time of Golden‐silk jujube was 30 d after flowering，and both endosperm and embryo were aborted.

Key words: Ziziphus jujuba Mill, Embryo development, Morphological observation, Anatomical observation

摘要： 为了探究金丝小枣胚败育的时期和败育原因，对金丝小枣和嘎嘣脆枣2个品种不同发育时期进行外部形态学和解剖学观察。结果表明，金丝小枣从花后3 d到35 d幼果发育平缓，嘎嘣脆枣幼果发育趋势为慢-快，且嘎嘣脆枣的果实发育比金丝小枣快。嘎嘣脆枣中30%出现三叉分裂柱头。解剖学观察发现，金丝小枣与嘎嘣脆枣子房两室均着生一倒生胚珠，嘎嘣脆枣的胚室中有30%发生双胚室三胚珠现象，其中多数果实一胚珠萎缩，形成单胚珠。胚发育过程初期金丝小枣胚乳发育明显慢于嘎嘣脆枣，而胚发育快于嘎嘣脆枣；花后30 d金丝小枣出现胚乳解体、珠心萎缩和胚败育现象，花后35 d胚乳、珠心和胚消失。嘎嘣脆枣胚与胚乳、珠心均正常发育。整体上看嘎嘣脆枣果实发育快于金丝小枣，金丝小枣胚败育时间为花后30 d，且胚乳与胚均败育。

关键词: 枣, 胚发育, 形态学观察, 解剖学观察

CLC Number:

S665.1

CHEN Zizhu, QING Jun, BAO Wenhui, WANG Yaping, GE Genzhula, BAI Yu’e. A Comparative Study on the Developmental Anatomy of Embryos from Gabengcui Jujube and Golden‐silk Jujube[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(4): 109-116.

陈紫竹, 庆军, 包文慧, 王亚萍, 格根珠拉, 白玉娥. 嘎嘣脆枣和金丝小枣胚的发育解剖学比较研究[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(4): 109-116.

Figures/Tables 5

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