Study on Intercropping Patterns and Silage Quality of Gramineous Forage and Leguminous Forage in Alpine Area of Shangri‑La

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.009

Abstract

Abstract: In order to alleviate the limitation of forage shortage on the development of animal husbandry in the alpine region of Shangri‑La，different intercropping patterns and silage quality of gramineous forage and leguminous forage were studied to explore the suitable grass‑legume intercropping mode.In this research，A.sativa and V.villosa Roth var. were used as experimental materials，and four seeding rates of gramineous forage and leguminous forage（T1：13∶2；T2：12∶3；T3：10∶5；T4：8∶7）were set up. Plant height，yield，and control effect of weeds and pests under different treatments were measured. Results showed that compared with A. sativa monoculture，intercropping had little effect on plant height，twining degree and occurrence of pests and diseases（P>0.05）in early growth stage，except for total coverage and the coverage of A.sativa.However，it had a certain promoting effect on A. sativa plant height（174.9，163.3，160.3，178.2 cm） of different intercropping treatments（T1，T2，T3，T4） in the later stage.Compared with A. sativa monoculture，the total fresh grass and total hay yields increased by 32.0%—58.3% and 35.2%—70.3%，respectively（P<0.05）.Furthermore，the total coverage under intercropping treatment was significantly higher than that of A. sativa monoculture（P<0.01），and the incidences of leaf spot disease（13.50%） and lodging rate（6.50%） of A.sativa were the lowest in T3 treatment. In addition，there were significant effects on weed control in T3 and T4 treatments（P<0.01）.The quality of silage was significantly improved after intercropping treatment.The crude protein contents of mixed silage treated with T3 and T4 were 5.20 and 7.51 percentage points higher than that of A.sativa monoculture.The acid detergent fiber contents were 5.37 and 10.11 percentage points lower than that of A.sativa monoculture.Comprehensively considering plant height，yield，lodging rate，control effect of weed，pest and disease，and silage nutrient，it is suitable to choose the intercropping seeding rate of A.sativa and V.villosa Roth var. at 10∶5.

Key words: A. sativa, V. villosa Roth var. , Intercropping, Silage quality, Alpine Area

摘要： 为缓解饲草匮乏对香格里拉高寒区畜牧业发展的限制问题，利用禾豆牧草开展不同间作模式和青贮品质研究，以探究适宜该地区的禾豆牧草间作模式。以燕麦（A.sativa）和光叶紫花苕（V.villosa Roth var.）为试验材料，以播种量配比13∶2（T1）、12∶3（T2）、10∶5（T3）、8∶7（T4）进行间作，对各处理的株高、产量、病虫害及杂草防控情况等进行测定。结果显示，相较燕麦单作，除总盖度与燕麦盖度外，生长前期，间作对株高、缠绕程度及病虫害发生情况等影响较小（P>0.05）。生长后期，间作（T1、T2、T3、T4）处理对燕麦的株高（174.9、163.3、160.3、178.2 cm）具有一定的促进作用，总鲜草和总干草产量较单作分别提高了32.0%~58.3%和35.2%~70.3%（P<0.05）；间作处理下的总盖度极显著高于燕麦单作（P<0.01），其中T3处理燕麦叶斑病的发病率（13.50%）和倒伏率（6.50%）最低，T3、T4处理对于杂草防控效果较为显著（P<0.01）。间作处理的混合青贮品质显著改善，其中T3和T4处理的混贮粗蛋白含量较燕麦单作单贮提高5.20、7.51百分点，酸性洗涤纤维降低5.37、10.11百分点。综合株高、产量、燕麦倒伏率、杂草和病虫害防控、青贮品质等指标，香格里拉高寒区燕麦与光叶紫花苕间作播种量配比宜控制在10∶5。

关键词: 燕麦, 光叶紫花苕, 间作, 青贮品质, 高寒地区

CLC Number:

S816.5

MU Lan, XUE Shiming, ZANG Qingji, LIU Yanpei, DUAN Jiaxin, CAI Ming, ZHANG Meiyan. Study on Intercropping Patterns and Silage Quality of Gramineous Forage and Leguminous Forage in Alpine Area of Shangri‑La[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(1): 78-86.

牟兰, 薛世明, 臧庆吉, 刘彦培, 段佳鑫, 蔡明, 张美艳. 香格里拉高寒区禾豆间作模式及青贮品质研究[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(1): 78-86.

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