关键词: 紫美石榴, 秋水仙素, 四倍体, 诱导, 评价

Abstract: This research was conducted to induce pomegranate polyploidy by colchicine,identify ploidy,and evaluate the mutagenic material.During the experiment,seeds of the Zimei pomegranate were soaked in colchicine solution for different hours.The results indicated that the induction was the best when germinated pomegranate seeds were treated with 0.3% colchicine for 24 hours. With this treatment,the inducing rate of tetraploid reached 1.11%.The chromosome number of diploid was 2n=2x=16.The chromosome number of tetraploid was 2n=4x=32.The main characteristics(leaves,flowers and fruits) showed significant difference between the diploid and tetraploid plants.Compared to diploid,tetraploid had larger leaves,bigger stomata,larger flowers,higher chlorophyll content,thicker fruit peel and greater hundred grain weight,but lighter seed color and harder seeds.The periods of budding,flowering,maturing and leaves dropping of tetraploid were later than diploid.The tetraploid of Zimei pomegranate can be used or evaluated as a new material for breeding.

Key words: Zimei pomegranate, Colchicine, Tetraploid, Induction, Evaluation