锦鲤let-7 家族系统进化、靶基因预测及表达分析

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.01.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对锦鲤let-7家族成员的前体序列进行比对和系统进化分析，检测锦鲤let-7家族成员表达量在体色形成过程中的变化，通过TargetScan和miRWalk对let-7j的靶基因进行预测，并对靶基因的本体特征和代谢通路进行富集分析，为了解let-7家族的进化历史及其在锦鲤及硬骨鱼类体色形成中的作用提供参考。结果表明，锦鲤let-7家族成员在鱼类中高度保守，且其前体序列的5'端保守性高于3'。锦鲤let-7家族成员表达量在体色形成的4个阶段均表现为逐步升高的趋势，在体色完全形成的孵化后47 d达到最高。利用TargetScan和miRWalk对let-7j的靶基因进行预测，其中571个靶基因在2个软件中均被预测到，这571个候选靶基因富集到了10个与体色形成相关的GO条目，包括色素沉积、发育过程的色素沉积、色素细胞分化、黑色素细胞分化、细胞色素沉积、黑色素小体转运、色素颗粒转运、色素代谢过程、黑色素小体定位的建立和黑色素小体定位；富集到与体色相关的KEGG调控通路主要有Wnt信号通路、ErbB信号通路和黑色素沉积通路。以上GO和KEGG通路中存在ltk、pmel、plin6、kitlga 和pax7a 等多个与色素细胞分化和迁移相关的基因。综上，let-7家族成员在鱼类进化过程中高度保守，可能靶向色素细胞分化相关的基因参与锦鲤红色体色的形成。

关键词: 锦鲤, let-7家族, 系统进化, let-7j, 靶基因, 体色

Abstract: In order to explore the evolutionary characteristics of let‑7 family and the functions of let‑7 family in color formation of koi carp and teleost，the precursor sequences of all members of let‑7 family were aligned in koi carp，the phylogenetic tree of let‑7 family was constructed，the expression level of let‑7 family at different coloration stages of koi carp was studied，the target genes of let‑7j in koi carp were predicted by TargetScan and miRWalk，and the enrichment analysis of genetic characteristics and metabolic pathways of these target genes were conducted. The results showed that the let‑7 family of koi carp was more conserved among fish species，and the 5' end of the precursor sequences was higher conserved than the 3' end.The expression level of let‑7 family exhibited incremental trend during the four developmental stages of koi carp coloration，and the highest expression level was at 47 days post hatching (dph).The 571 target genes of let‑7j were both predicted in both software.Then，the 571 candidate genes were enriched in 10 GO terms associated with color formation，including pigmentation，developmental pigmentation，pigment cell differentiation，melanocyte differentiation，cellular pigmentation，melanosome transport，pigment granule transport，pigment metabolic process，establishment of melanosome localization and melanosome localization；enriched in KEGG pathway related to color formation，primarily including Wnt signaling pathway,ErbB signaling pathway and melanogenesis pathway. Multiple genes associated with chromatophores differentiation and migration were identified in GO and KEGG pathway，including ltk,pmel,plin6,kitlga and pax7a. Overall,let‑7 family is highly conserved during fish evolution，and may target many chromatophores differentiation‑related genes to be involved in red color formation in koi carp.

Key words: Koi carp, Let?7 family, Evolution, Let?7j, Target genes, Coloration

中图分类号:

S965

李泓, 田月瑶, 崔开明, 秦楠, 范道省, 田雪, 朱文锦. 锦鲤let-7 家族系统进化、靶基因预测及表达分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(1): 144-152.

LI Hong, TIAN Yueyao, CUI Kaiming, QIN Nan, FAN Daosheng, TIAN Xue, ZHU Wenjin. Evolution,Target Genes Prediction and Expression Analysis of Let‑7 Family in Koi Carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(1): 144-152.

图/表 7

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