河南农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (10): 117-126.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.10.013

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

贝莱斯芽孢杆菌EA19 与多菌灵复配防治小麦赤霉病研究

王文肖1,2,刘美玲2,阙亚伟2,郑磊3,张强3,喻大昭2,杨立军2,龚双军2,曾凡松2,李利1
  

  1. (1.长江大学生命科学学院,湖北 荆州 434025;2.农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室/湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,湖北 武汉 430064;3.山东金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司,山东 临沂 276700)
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-11 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 李利(1983-),女,湖北浠水人,副教授,博士,主要从事应用微生物学研究。E-mail:lily2012@yangtzeu.edu.cn 曾凡松(1980-),男,湖北宜昌人,副研究员,博士,主要从事小麦病害防控研究。E-mail:zengfansong2005@126.com
  • 作者简介:王文肖(1999-),女,河南周口人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:植物保护。E-mail:w2674685344@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1400105);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BBA0041);湖北省农业科技攻关项目(HBNYHXGG2023-3)

Combination of Bacillus velezensis EA19 and Carbendazim to Control Fusarium Head Blight on Wheat

WANG Wenxiao1,2,LIU Meiling2,QUE Yawei2,ZHENG Lei3,ZHANG Qiang3,YU Dazhao2,YANG Lijun2,GONG Shuangjun2,ZENG Fansong2,LI Li1   

  1. (1.College of Life Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;2.Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease,Insect Pests and Weeds Control/Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;3.Shandong Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 276700,China)
  • Received:2024-03-11 Published:2024-10-15 Online:2024-11-18

摘要: 为明确贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)EA19与化学药剂复配对小麦赤霉病的防治效果,采用菌丝生长速率法、平板菌落计数法、Horsfall法筛选最佳复配比例,并通过离体麦穗和田间试验进行验证。结果显示,不同浓度梯度的EA19发酵液喷雾粉和冻干粉对赤霉病菌菌丝生长抑制率为22.53%~93.96%,EC50分布在5.794 4~10.916 4 cfu/mL。菌株EA19与25~100 μg/mL多菌灵具有良好的生物相容性,但与25~100 μg/mL咪鲜胺和戊唑醇均不具有相容性。多菌灵与EA19喷雾粉和冻干粉按药液体积比6∶4、7∶3、8∶2复配时对禾谷镰孢菌和亚洲镰孢菌的联合毒力较大,各体积比下的最大毒性比率为1.15~1.36。EC50 剂量的多菌灵与2种EA19菌粉按不同体积比复配后对室内离体麦穗赤霉病防效为47.91%~73.50%。田间试验中,EA19冻干粉与多菌灵联合施用,可使多菌灵在减量30%的情况下,对小麦赤霉病的防效(53.76%)、小麦籽粒中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇毒素含量(0.50 mg/kg)、小麦理论产量(5 994.35 kg/hm2)与全量多菌灵处理无显著差异。综上,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌EA19与多菌灵在小麦赤霉病的防治中具有协同效果,二者复配可减少多菌灵的用量。

关键词: 小麦赤霉病, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌, 多菌灵, 防治效果, 复配

Abstract: In order to determine the controlling efficacy of Bacillus velezensis EA19 combined with chemical agents on Fusarium head blight(FHB),the optimal combination ratio was determined by the mycelium growth rate method,plate colony counting method and Horsfall method,and then verified by detached wheat spikes inoculation tests and field trials.The results showed that the inhibition rates of spray powder and freeze⁃dried powder of EA19 fermentation broth on the mycelial growth of Fusarium graminearum and F.asiaticum at different concentration were 22.53%—93.96%,and the EC50 values were in the range of 5. 794 4—10. 916 4 cfu/mL.The strain EA19 had good biocompatibility with 25—100 μg/mL carbendazim,but not with 25—100 μg/mL prochloraz and tebuconazole.When carbendazim was combined with spray powder or freeze⁃dried powder of EA19 at the volume ratio of 6∶4,7∶3 and 8∶2,the co⁃toxicity to F.graminearum and F.asiaticum was the highest,and the greatest toxicity ratio was 1.15—1.36 in these ratios.The control efficacy on FHB of detached wheat spikes by the combination of carbendazim and two types of EA19 powder with a concentration of EC50 in different volume ratios was 47.91%—73.50%.In field trials,when treated with the combination of EA19 freeze⁃dried powder with 30% reduced carbendazim,the control efficacy(53.76%),deoxynivalenol toxin content in wheat grains(0.50 mg/kg),and theoretical wheat yield(5 994.35 kg/ha)were not significantly different from those treated with full dosage of carbendazim.In conclusion,B.velezensis EA19 and carbendazim have synergistic effect in the control of FHB,and their combination can reduce the dosage of carbendazim.

Key words: Fusarium head blight, Bacillus velezensis, Carbendazim, Control efficacy, Combination

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