紫云英与化肥配施对水稻生长及磷素利用的影响

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.11.010

河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 82-90.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.11.010

紫云英与化肥配施对水稻生长及磷素利用的影响

张济世¹，刘春增¹，吕玉虎²，王守刚¹，曹卫东³，张玉亭¹

（1.河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所/河南省农业生态环境重点实验室，河南郑州 450002；2.信阳市农业科学院，河南信阳 464000；3.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京 100081）

收稿日期:2022-08-22 出版日期:2022-11-15 发布日期:2023-01-09
通讯作者: 刘春增（1967-），男，河南平顶山人，研究员，主要从事绿肥种子生产与综合利用研究。E-mail：15600660918@163.com
作者简介:张济世（1991-），男，河南襄城人，助理研究员，博士，主要从事养分综合管理与土壤培肥研究。E-mail：jishizhang1227@163.com
基金资助:
河南省农业科学院科技创新团队项目（2022TD37）；国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD01700203）

Effects of Chinese Milk Vetch Combined with Chemical Fertilizer on Rice Growth and Phosphorus Utilization

ZHANG Jishi¹，LIU Chunzeng¹，LÜ Yuhu²，WANG Shougang¹，CAO Weidong³，ZHANG Yuting¹

（1.Institute of Plant Nutrition，Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences，Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Eco‑Environment，Zhengzhou 450002，China；2.Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Xinyang 464000，China；3.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China）

Received:2022-08-22 Published:2022-11-15 Online:2023-01-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 紫云英还田替代部分化肥是豫南稻区节肥增效的主要技术措施。为探讨等量紫云英还田条件下，不同化肥减量配施对土壤磷素供应和水稻磷素吸收的影响，依托豫南稻区紫云英与化肥配施的田间定位试验（始于2008年），共设6个处理［不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（F100）、等量紫云英还田（22.50 t/hm²）与不同用量化肥配施（100%化肥，MVF100；80%化肥，MVF80；60%化肥，MVF60；40%化肥，MVF40）］，通过分析2021年的数据，研究紫云英与化肥配施对土壤有效磷含量、植株磷含量及积累量、叶面积指数和成熟期干物质积累的影响。结果表明，MVF100、MVF80处理成熟期总干物质积累量较F100处理分别显著提高了8.52%、7.14%；MVF100 处理成熟期秸秆干物质积累量较F100 处理显著提高了12.84%；MVF80处理成熟期穗干物质积累量较F100处理增加了11.05%，但紫云英与化肥配施处理成熟期穗干物质积累量和F100处理之间差异不显著。紫云英与化肥配施处理孕穗期叶面积指数均低于F100处理，而MVF100、MVF60处理成熟期叶面积指数高于F100处理。各施肥处理土壤有效磷含量、植株磷含量和积累量均显著高于CK，整体上与F100处理无显著差异。其中，孕穗期土壤有效磷含量、植株磷含量和积累量均以MVF100处理最高，成熟期均以MVF60处理最高。综合考虑，豫南稻区紫云英还田22.50 t/hm2可替代20%~40%的化肥，替代效果和单施化肥无显著差异。随后，通过显著相关的二次曲线关系发现，适量的土壤有效磷含量和叶面积指数可提高成熟期穗干物质积累量，而要达到最高的成熟期穗干物质积累量所需的最佳成熟期土壤有效磷含量为7.56 mg/kg，叶面积指数为7.02，以MVF60处理接近最佳值。综上，我国南方稻田紫云英还田22.50 t/hm²与60%化肥配施效果较好。

关键词: 紫云英还田, 化肥减量, 水稻, 叶面积指数, 植株磷素, 土壤磷素

Abstract: Chinese milk vetch（MV）returned to the field to replace some chemical fertilizers is a main technical measure for saving fertilizer and increasing efficiency in paddy fields in southern Henan rice‑growing area.A field experiment was conducted in southern Henan rice‑growing area，to explore the effect of different fertilizer reduction ratio on soil phosphorus supply and rice phosphorus uptake under the condition of equal amount of MV returned to the field. The location experiment of MV combined with chemical fertilizer（started in 2008）included six treatments：No fertilization（CK），single application of chemical fertilizer（F100），equal amount of MV returned to the field（22.50 t/ha）combined with different amount of chemical fertilizer（100% chemical fertilizer，MVF100；80% chemical fertilizer，MVF80；60% chemical fertilizer，MVF60；40% chemical fertilizer，MVF40）.The effects of MV returned to the field combined with chemical fertilizer on soil available phosphorus content，shoot phosphorus content and accumulation，leaf area index and dry matter accumulation at maturity were preliminarily studied in the year of 2021.The results showed that MVF100 and MVF80 treatments significantly increased the total dry matter accumulation by 8.52% and 7.14% respectively，compared with the F100 treatment at maturity.The dry matter accumulation of straw under MVF100 at maturity was 12.84% higher than that in the F100 treatment.Compared with F100，MVF80 treatment increased the dry matter accumulation of panicle by 11.05% at the mature stage，but no significant difference was observed.The leaf area index at the booting stage under MV returned to the field combined with chemical fertilizer was lower than that in the F100 treatment，while the leaf area index at maturity in MVF100 and MVF60 treatments was higher than that in the F100 treatment.The soil available phosphorus，shoot phosphorus content and accumulation of all fertilization treatments were significantly higher than CK，but there was no significant difference among all fertilization treatments on the whole. The highest soil available phosphorus content，shoot phosphorus content and accumulation were showed in the MVF100 treatment at the booting stage and in MVF60 treatment at maturity.By comprehensive consideration，it is appropriate that MV is returned to the field（22.50 t/ha）to replace 20%—40% chemical fertilizer，and the effect is not significantly different between MV returned to the field combined with chemical fertilizer treatments and the F100 treatment in southern Henan rice‑growing area. Based on the significantly correlated quadratic curve relationship，appropriate amount of soil available phosphorus content and leaf area index could improve the dry matter accumulation of panicles at maturity.To achieve the maximum dry matter accumulation of panicles，the optimal soil available phosphorus content at maturity was 7.56 mg/kg，and the leaf area index was 7.02.The MVF60 treatment was close to the optimal value in this study. In conclusion，it is suggested that MV returned to the field（22.50 t/ha）combined with 60% chemical fertilizer is more suitable in this area.

Key words: Chinese milk vetch returning, Chemical fertilizer reduction, Rice, Leaf area index, Shoot phosphorus, Soil phosphorus

中图分类号:

S511

张济世, 刘春增, 吕玉虎, 王守刚, 曹卫东, 张玉亭. 紫云英与化肥配施对水稻生长及磷素利用的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2022, 51(11): 82-90.

ZHANG Jishi, LIU Chunzeng, LÜ Yuhu, WANG Shougang, CAO Weidong, ZHANG Yuting. Effects of Chinese Milk Vetch Combined with Chemical Fertilizer on Rice Growth and Phosphorus Utilization[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 51(11): 82-90.

参考文献

［1］中华人民共和国国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴［M］.北京：中国农业出版社，2021.
National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China.China statistical year book［M］.Beijing：China Agriculture Press，2021.
［2］YUAN H Z，LIU S L，RAZAVI B S，et al.Differentiated response of plant and microbial C∶N∶P stoichiometries to phosphorus application in phosphorus‑limited paddy soil［J］.European Journal of Soil Biology，2019，95：103122.
［3］LI C J，HOFFLAND E，WERF W，et al.Complementarity and facilitation with respect to P acquisition do not drive over yielding by intercropping［J］.Field Crops Research，2021，265：108127.
［4］LIU X，VITOUSEK P，CHANG Y，et al.Evidence for a historic change occurring in China［J］.Environmental Science and Technology，2016，50（2）：505‑506.
［5］李慧敏，王瑞，施卫明，等.菜地土壤解磷微生物特征及其在磷形态转化调控中的作用［J］.土壤，2020，52（4）：668‑675.
LI H M，WANG R，SHI W M，et al.Characteristics of soil phosphorus‑solubilizing microorganisms and their role in regulation of phosphorus morphological transformation in vegetable fields［J］.Soils，2020，52（4）：668‑675.
［6］WU H，GAO L，YUAN Z，et al.Life cycle assessment of phosphorus use efficiency in crop production system of three crops in Chaohu Watershed，China［J］.Journal of Cleaner Production，2016，139：1298‑1307.
［7］周国朋，谢志坚，曹卫东，等.稻草高茬-紫云英联合还田改善土壤肥力提高作物产量［J］.农业工程学报，2017，33（23）：157‑163.
ZHOU G P，XIE Z J，CAO W D，et al.Co‑incorporation of high rice stubble and Chinese milk vetch improving soil fertility and yield of rice［J］.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering，2017，33（23）：157‑163.
［8］刘春增，刘小粉，李本银，等.紫云英配施不同用量化肥对土壤养分、团聚性及水稻产量的影响［J］.土壤通报，2013，44（2）：409‑413.
LIU C Z，LIU X F，LI B Y，et al.Effects of applying Chinese milk vetch with different amounts of chemical fertilizer on soil nutrients，aggregation and rice yield［J］.Chinese Journal of Soil Science，2013，44（2）：409‑413.
［9］SOLANGI F， BAI J， GAO S， et al.Improved accumulation capabilities of phosphorus and potassium in green manures and its relationship with soil properties and enzymatic activities［J］.Agronomy，2019，9（11）：9110708.

［10］QASWAR M，HUANG J，AHMED W，et al.Long‑term green manure rotations improve soil biochemical properties，yield sustainability and nutrient balances in acidic paddy soil under a rice‑based cropping system［J］.Agronomy，2019，9（12）：9110780.

［11］ZHOU X，LU Y H，LIAO Y L，et al.Substitution of chemical fertilizer by Chinese milk vetch improves the sustainability of yield and accumulation of soil organic carbon in a double‑rice cropping system［J］.Journal of Integrative Agriculture，2019，18（10）：2381‑2392.
［12］刘彩玲，王瑞，李昱，等.不等量翻压紫云英处理下黄泥田土壤磷组分的变化［J］.中国土壤与肥料，2019（6）：44‑48，70.
LIU C L，WANG R，LI Y，et al.Changes in soil phosphorus contents induced by milk vetch green manure［J］.Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China，2019（6）：44‑48，70.
［13］张成兰，刘春增，吕玉虎，等.减量化肥配施不同量紫云英对土壤磷素形态及水稻产量的影响［J］.中国土壤与肥料，2020（1）：100‑106.
ZHANG C L，LIU C Z，LÜ Y H，et al.Effects of the combination of reduced chemical fertilizer and various amounts of Chinese milk vetch（Astragalus sinicus L.）on soil phosphorus forms and rice yield［J］.Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China，2020（1）：100‑106.
［14］ZHU X G，LONG S P，ORT D R.Improving photosynthetic efficiency for greater yield［J］.Annual Review of Plant Biology，2010，61（4）：235‑261.
［15］赵光明.寒地水稻高产与养分高效利用的综合管理技术研究与示范［D］.北京：中国农业大学，2014.
ZHAO G M.Research and demonstration of integrated rice（Oryza sativa L.）management technology for high yield and high nutrient use efficiency in cold region［D］.Beijing：China Agricultural University，2014.
［16］张伟.供磷水平对小麦玉米锌吸收、累积的影响及其作用机制［D］.北京：中国农业大学，2017.
ZHANG W.The mechanisms of zinc uptake and accumulation in wheat and maize as affected by phosphorus levels［D］.Beijing：China Agricultural University，2017.
［17］VOS J，PUTTENP E L V，BIRCH C J.Effect of nitrogen supply on leaf appearance leaf growth，leaf nitrogen economy and photosynthetic capacity in maize（Zea mays L.）［J］.Field Crops Research，1998，93（1）：64‑73.
［18］张林青，马爱京，张亚洁.高产水稻生育前期叶面积指数和群体茎蘖组成及其关系的研究［J］.安徽农业大学学报，2004，31（3）：320‑324.
ZHANG L Q，MA A J，ZHANG Y J.Composition of LAI and stems and tillers and their relationship in early stage of high‑yielding rice population［J］.Journal of Anhui Agricultural University，2004，31（3）：320‑324.
［19］ZHANG W，CHEN X X，LIU Y M，et al.The role of phosphorus supply in maximizing the leaf area，photosynthetic rate，coordinated to grain yield of summer maize［J］.Field Crops Research，2018，219：113‑119.
［20］王琪，徐程扬.氮磷对植物光合作用及碳分配的影响［J］.山东林业科技，2005（5）：59‑62.
WANG Q，XU C Y.Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on plant leaf photosynthesis and carbon partitioning［J］.Shandong Forestry Science and Technology，2005（5）：59‑62.
［21］陈秀秀.华北平原高产优质可持续小麦、玉米生产的磷肥管理及综合评价［D］.北京：中国农业大学，2021.
CHEN X X.Integrated assessment on phosphorus management to realize high productivity，good quality，and sustainable production of wheat and maize on the North China Plain［D］.Beijing：China Agricultural University，2021.
［22］鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法［M］.北京：中国农业科技出版社，2000：146‑196.
LU R K.Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis methods［M］.Beijing： China Agricultural Science and Technology Press，2000：146‑196.
［23］周丽燕，黄影华，张善炫，等.不同氮肥调控对水稻分蘖数和叶面积指数的影响［J］.湖北农业科学，2020，59（7）：33‑37.
ZHOU L Y，HUANG Y H，ZHANG S X，et al.Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer regulation on tiller number and leaf area index of rice［J］.Hubei Agricultural Sciences，2020，59（7）：33‑37.
［24］刘春增，刘小粉，王守刚，等.种植紫云英不还田对水稻农艺性状、产量和经济效益的影响［J］.中国土壤与肥料，2014（3）：68‑71.
LIU C Z，LIU X P，WANG S G，et al.Effects of planting Chinese milk vetch without straw return on rice agronomic traits，yield，and economic efficiency［J］.Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China，2014（3）：68‑71.
［25］聂鑫，鲁艳红，廖育林，等.氮钾减施下紫云英翻压量对双季稻产量及氮素利用的影响［J］.湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版），2021，47（6）：684‑691.
NIE X，LU Y H，LIAO Y L，et al.Effects of the incorporation of various amounts of Chinese milk vetch with nitrogen and potassium reduction on double cropping rice yield and nitrogen utilization［J］.Journal of Hunan Agricultural University（Natural Sciences），2021，47（6）：684‑691.
［26］徐令旗，郭晓红，兰宇辰，等.不同有机肥对旱直播水稻干物质积累和产量的影响［J］.华北农学报，2021，36（2）：188‑195.
XU L Q，GUO X H，LAN Y C，et al.Effects of different organic fertilizers on dry matter accumulation and yield of dry direct‑seeding rice［J］.Acta Agriculturae Boreali‑Sinica，2021，36（2）：188‑195.
［27］LI Z Q，ZHANG X，XU J，et al.Green manure incorporation with reductions in chemical fertilizer inputs improves rice yield and soil organic matter accumulation［J］.Journal of Soil and Sediments，2020，20：2784‑2793.
［28］徐昌旭，谢志坚，许政良，等.等量紫云英条件下化肥用量对早稻养分吸收和干物质积累的影响［J］.江西农业学报，2010，22（10）：13‑14.
XU C X，XIE Z J，XUE Z L，et al.Effects of applying mineral fertilizer reasonably on nutrient absorption and dry matter accumulation of early rice under applying equivalent Astragalus sinicus L.［J］.Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi，2010，22（10）：13‑14．
［29］卢殿君.华北平原冬小麦高产高效群体动态特征与氮营养调控［D］.北京：中国农业大学，2015.
LU D J.Dynamics of population trait for high yielding and high efficiency winter wheat and N nutrient regulation in the North China Plain［D］.Beijing：China Agricultural University，2015.
［30］张杰，徐芳蕾，薄其飞，等.常规尿素掺混控释尿素一次施用对旱作春玉米产量及氮素利用的影响［J］.植物营养与肥料学报，2021，27（6）：969‑979.
ZHANG J，XU F L，BO Q F，et al.Effects of one‑time application of controlled‑release urea combined with solid granular urea on grain yield and nitrogen utilization of spring maize in dryland［J］.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer，2021，27（6）：969‑979.
［31］张颖睿，张滨娟，黄国勤，等.紫云英翻压量与不同施氮量对水稻生长和氮素吸收利用的影响［J］.生态学杂志，2018，37（2）：430‑437.
ZHANG Y R，ZHANG B J，HUANG G Q，et al.Effects of Chinese milk vetch as a green manure and nitrogen fertilization on rice growth and nitrogen absorption and utilization of rice［J］．Chinese Journal of Ecology，2018，37（2）：430‑437.
［32］尹林芝，向焱赟，伍湘，等.不同氮素水平下超级稻叶面积指数及产量变化特征［J/OL］.分子植物育种，2022：1‑13［2022‑08‑30］. http：//kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/46.1068.S.20220322.1718.008.html.
YIN L Z，XIANG Y Y，WU X，et al.Characteristics of leaf area index and yield variations of super hybrid rice at different nitrogen levels［J/OL］.Molecular Plant Breeding，2022：1‑13［2022‑08‑30］.http：//kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/46.1068.S.20220322.1718. 008. html.
［33］石楠，高志强，陈崇怡，等.基于Logistic模型水稻地上部干物质与叶面积指数模拟与分析［J］.东北农业大学学报，2022，53（3）：10‑18.
SHI N，GAO Z Q，CHEN C Y，et al.Simulation and analysis of above‑ground dry matter and leaf area index of rice based on Logistic model［J］.Journal of Northeast Agricultural University，2022，53（3）：10‑18.
［34］RODRIGUEZ D，KELTJENS W G，GOUDRIAAN J.Plant leaf area expansion and assimilate production in wheat（Triticum aestivum L.） growing under low phosphorus conditions［J］.Plant and Soil，1998，200（2）：227‑240.
［35］焦念元，汪江涛，尹飞，等.化学调控与施磷肥对玉米花生间作光合物质积累和产量的影响［J］.江苏农业科学，2016，44（4）：99‑104.
JIAO N Y，WANG J T，YIN F，et al.Effects of chemical regulation and phosphate fertilizer on photosynthetic matter accumulation and yield of maize/peanut intercropping system［J］.Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2016，44（4）：99‑104.

[1]	樊一凡, 张艳艳, 王艺媚, 李俊周, 杜彦修, 孙红正, 彭廷, 赵全志, 张静. 不同播期温光条件对籼稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(2): 17-27.
[2]	赵彪, 冯旭, 贺付蒙, 徐永清, 石齐海, 冯艳忠, 李凤兰. EM富硒酵母菌剂的制备及其在水稻富硒生产中的应用[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(8): 26-35.
[3]	解文孝, 姜秀英, 吕军, 潘争艳, 韩勇, 王庆新, 李建国. 不同叶位功能叶片对不同穗型水稻籽粒灌浆特性及稻米品质的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(8): 36-44.
[4]	豆丹丹, 孙建军, 王德新, 郭玉玺, 郭新海, 丁超明. 播期对早中稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(7): 12-23.
[5]	程志强, 方圣辉. 基于水稻三维模型的表型参数提取及生物量估测[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(7): 144-153.
[6]	黄海, 瞿小杰, 刘金海, 彭赞文. 盐碱胁迫下不同倍性水稻4 种转录因子家族基因的表达模式分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(6): 22-33.
[7]	张秀锦, 张容慧, 蔡景行, 王国坤, 柴冠群, 黄承玲, 范成五. 镍污染稻田低积累水稻品种筛选及健康风险评价[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(6): 61-69.
[8]	韦钙兴, 易文龙, 刘昱成, 赵应丁, 陈庭倬. 基于改进U-Net 的水稻叶片细胞分割方法研究[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(3): 153-160.
[9]	雷振山, 李猛, 卫云飞, 季新, 刘娟, 王付娟, 刘秋员. 不同种植方式对豫南地区优质食味粳稻产量及品质的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(2): 12-20.
[10]	马学虎, 马昀君, 黄璜, 陈灿, 王忍, 张印, 伍世豪, 张泉, 张琴. 稻禽共生对水稻群体生长特性和产量形成的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(11): 42-48.
[11]	郑紫瑞, 赵辉杰, 位盼盼, 方鹏, 王来刚, 徐少博. 集成多源遥感数据与生育期时序光谱特征的水稻种植面积提取[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(10): 153-161.
[12]	汤伟, 陈灿, 黄璜, 周天送, 王忍. 不同作物+小龙虾种养模式作物产量及氮、磷平衡分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(1): 24-33.
[13]	白天亮, 李杰, 冉杰, 杨辉, 乔承彬, 李培富, 田蕾. 水稻产量构成因素QTL 精细定位的研究进展[J]. 河南农业科学, 2022, 51(8): 1-8.
[14]	陆峰, 廖超林, 刘峰峰, 肖志鹏, 龙飞, 向鹏华, 唐剑宁, 肖孟宇, 张永革, 单雪华. 烟稻复种连作年限对紫色水稻土团聚体稳定性的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2022, 51(7): 85-92.
[15]	李文秀, 周行, 刘琅, 吴朝晖. 稻作生产中水、肥、药高效利用及对水稻的影响研究进展[J]. 河南农业科学, 2022, 51(6): 1-12.

紫云英与化肥配施对水稻生长及磷素利用的影响

Effects of Chinese Milk Vetch Combined with Chemical Fertilizer on Rice Growth and Phosphorus Utilization

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics