河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5): 71-83.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.05.008

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

主要气候因子对长江上游生姜种植区姜瘟病发生动态的影响

周弦1,刘续立1,熊诗洁1,蔡小东1,朱永兴1,李姗蓉2,罗怀海3,贾切1   

  1. (1.长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北 荆州 434025;2.重庆市农业技术推广总站,重庆 401121;3.四川省农业农村厅植物保护站,四川 成都 610041)
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-07 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 贾切(1980-),男,湖北荆州人,讲师,博士,主要从事园艺作物育种栽培与病害防控研究。E-mail:jiaqie020@163.com
  • 作者简介:周弦(1982-),女,重庆梁平人,讲师,硕士,主要从事园艺植物资源与利用研究。E-mail:408029237@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央引导地方科技资金专项(2020ZYYD020)

Effects of Main Climatic Factors on Dynamics of Ginger Blast in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River

ZHOU Xian1,LIU Xuli1,XIONG Shijie2,CAI Xiaodong1,ZHU Yongxing1,LI Shanrong2,LUO Huaihai3,JIA Qie1   

  1. (1.College of Horticulture and Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;2.Chongqing Master Station of Agricultural Technology Promotion,Chongqing 401121,China;3.The Plant Protection Station of Sichuan Provincial Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department,Chengdu 610041,China)
  • Received:2022-01-07 Published:2022-05-15 Online:2022-07-15

摘要: 以长江上游生姜种植区主栽品种小黄姜为材料,于2020—2021年在湖北省宣恩县、四川省开江县和重庆市永川区对姜瘟病流行动态进行观测研究,分析病害流行与当地环境因子变化的关系,为该区姜瘟病预测和防治提供参考借鉴。结果表明,随着时间推移,3个试验点姜瘟病发生均呈先升高再降低的二次曲线变化趋势。当盛夏季节(6月中旬—8月下旬)的旬平均气温达到23.6~31.6℃时,长江上游生姜种植区姜瘟病可能大规模发生,其最大病情指数高达43.6。姜瘟病始发期(5月)的旬降雨量为12.5~63.5 mm;高峰期(6—8月)总降雨量为381.5~879.0 mm,总降雨时间为43~63 d。不同试验点姜瘟病病情指数表现为宣恩>永川>开江;而在每个试验点,姜瘟病病情指数随旬降雨量增多而升高。总体来看,长江上游生姜种植区姜瘟病病情指数与旬平均温度、旬降雨时间,特别是旬降雨量均存在显著的相关性,且与三者呈现线性回归关系。因此,有效防控长江上游生姜种植区姜瘟病,需密切关注该区10 d范围内的平均温度、降雨量甚至降雨时间等主要气候因子变化。

关键词: 长江上游, 气候因子, 姜瘟病, 流行动态, 回归分析

Abstract: Based on Xiaohuangjiang,a variety mainly cultivated in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,the epidemic dynamics of ginger blast were studied in Xuan’en County(Hubei Province),Kaijiang County(Sichuan Province)and Yongchuan District(Chongqing City)from 2020 to 2021,and the relationship between disease prevalence and local environmental factors was analyzed in order to provide reference for the prediction and control of the disease in this area. The results showed that incidence of ginger blast increased first and then decreased with a trend of quadratic curve. When average temperature in ten days from mid June to late August reached 23.6 to 31.6℃,ginger blast occurred on a large scale in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River with a maximum disease index of 43.6.The rainfall in ten days reached 12.5 to 63.5 mm in initial stage(May)of ginger blast,while it rained for 43 to 63 days with a total volume of 381.5 to 879.0 mm rainfall in peak stage(June—August)of the disease.The disease index of ginger blast showed Xuan’en>Yongchuan>Kaijiang,while the disease index increased with the increase of rainfall in ten days at three sites. Overall,there was a significant correlation between disease index and average temperature,rainfall and rainfall time in ten days in upper reaches of the Yangtze River,and there was a linear relationship between the three climate factors and the disease index.Therefore,it is necessary to pay close attention to the changes of main climate factors such as average temperature,rainfall and even rainfall time in ten days in order to effectively control ginger blast.

Key words: Upper reaches of the Yangtze River, Climate factors, Ginger blast, Epidemic dynamics, Regression analysis

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