关键词: 玉米秸秆, 牛粪, 腐解, 腐殖质组成, 养分特性

Abstract: In order to master the optimum ratio of compost formula,the effects of seven ratios of maize straw and cow manure on humus composition and nutrient content of compost were studied.The changes of nutrient contents and humus during composting under different materials ratios were analyzed.The results showed that,when the mixing ratios of maize straw to cow manure were 5∶5,3∶7,at the end of the composting reaction,total organic carbon content was significantly higher than that at the beginning of composting,and the pH value ranged from 7.00 to 7.65,providing the most suitable environment for microbial growth and reproduction. When the mixing ratios of maize straw to cow manure were 7∶3,5∶5,3∶7,the content of water-soluble substances (WSS) decreased by 70%,58% and 59% in initial 60 days during composting compared with the initial value,respectively.In addition,the humification coefficients of all treatments generally increased as the composting reaction proceeded,which tended to be stable and mature finally.There was extremely significant positive correlation between humus coefficient and total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium contents.Therefore,on the basis of adding maize straw,appropriate amount of cow manure can promote the increase of the total organic carbon content of composting materials,and WSS are consumed in the composting process,all of which are conducive to the improvement of composting maturity.By comparing the experimental data,the best effect can be obtained when the ratios of maize straw to cow manure are 5∶5 and 3∶7.

Key words: Maize straw, Cow manure, Decomposition, Humus composition, Nutrient characteristic