人工饲料和桑叶对家蚕机体3 种代谢酶活性的影响

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.01.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确人工饲料和桑叶饲育对蚕体代谢酶活性的影响，自五龄起蚕开始用人工饲料和桑叶分组饲养家蚕，采用分光光度法检测家蚕中肠组织和血淋巴中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、羧酸酯酶（CarE）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE）的活性变化。结果显示，人工饲料组家蚕的血淋巴ALP活性无显著变化，而桑叶组血淋巴ALP活性呈现逐渐增强的趋势；在60 h和72 h，桑叶组的ALP活性显著高于人工饲料组。桑叶组和人工饲料组血淋巴CarE活性均随时间的延长逐渐增强，其中人工饲料组CarE活性略高于桑叶组，但差异不显著。在12 h和24 h，桑叶组血淋巴AchE活性略低于人工饲料组；在36 h，桑叶组血淋巴AchE活性开始升高，并且在48、60、72 h持续高于人工饲料组，AchE活性分别是人工饲料组的1.52、1.64、1.71倍。桑叶组家蚕中肠ALP活性在36 h开始显著高于人工饲料组，并随着时间的推移持续升高，在72 h，酶活性极显著高于人工饲料组，酶活性为人工饲料组的2.13倍。人工饲料组中肠CarE活性在24 h开始显著高于桑叶组，在60 h达到最高值，为桑叶组的2.61倍；在72 h，CarE活性有下降的趋势，但仍显著高于桑叶组。桑叶组家蚕中肠AchE活性在12 h开始显著高于人工饲料组，在24~48 h桑叶组AchE活性继续增强；在60、72 h，AchE活性极显著高于人工饲料组，分别为人工饲料组的2.68、2.84倍。综合分析可知，喂食人工饲料家蚕血淋巴和中肠ALP和AchE活性均显著低于桑叶组，而中肠CarE活性显著高于桑叶组，提示人工饲料在一定程度上影响家蚕的代谢生理，降低蚕体抵抗不良环境的能力。

关键词: 人工饲料, 桑叶, 家蚕, 代谢酶活性, 不同组织

Abstract: In order to clarify the effects of artificial diet and mulberry leaves on the activities of metabolic enzymes in silkworm，the spectrophotometry was used to detect the changes of alkaline phosphatase （ALP），carboxylesterases（CarE）and acetylcholinesterase（AchE）activities in hemolymph and midgut of Bombyx mori after reared with artificial diet and mulberry leaves from the fifth newly exuviated larvae with different time. Results showed that the ALP activity in hemolymph had no significant change after reared with artificial diet，while its activity showed a trend of increasing gradually after reared with mulberry leaves；the ALP activity in mulberry leaf group was significantly higher than the artificial diet group at 60 h and 72 h.The CarE activity in hemolymph increased gradually with the extension of rearing time both in the mulberry leaf group and artificial diet group，the enzyme activity of artificial diet group was slightly higher than that of mulberry leaf group，but the difference was not significant.In hemolymph，the AchE activity of mulberry leaf group was slightly lower than that of artificial diet group at 12 h and24 h；At 36 h，the AchE activity began to increase in the mulberry leaf group and was higher than that of artificial diet group at 48 h，60 h and 72 h，the AchE activity was 1.52，1.64 and 1.71 times that of artificial diet group，respectively.In midgut of silkworm reared with mulberry leaves，the ALP activity was significantly higher than that in artificial diet group at 36 h and continued to increase with extension of time，the enzyme activity was extremely significantly higher than that in artificial diet group at 72 h，which was 2.13 times that in artificial diet group. In midgut of silkworm reared with artificial diet group，the CarE activity was significantly higher than that of the mulberry leaf group at 24 h and reached the maximum value at 60 h，which was 2.61 times that in mulberry leaf group.At 72 h，the CarE activity showed a decreasing trend，but it was still significantly higher than that of mulberry leaf group.The AchE activity in midgut of silkworm reared with mulberry leaves was significantly higher than that of the artificial diet group at 12 h and continued to increase from 24 h to 48 h.In addition，the AchE activity was extremely significantly higher than that of artificial diet group at 60 h and 72 h，which were 2.68 and 2.84 times that of artificial diet group，respectively.These results indicated that the activities of ALP and AchE in hemolymph and midgut of silkworm reared with artificial diet were significantly lower than those of mulberry leaf group，while the activity of CarE in the midgut was significantly higher than that of the mulberry leaf group.It suggests that the metabolic physiology of silkworm reared with artificial diet is
influenced to some extent，which results in a reduced resistance of silkworm against unfavorable environment.

Key words: Artificial diet, Mulberry leaf, Bombyx mori, Metabolic enzyme activity, Different tissues

中图分类号:

S883.9

王永生, 朱水芬, 陈松, 陈云明, 江亚, 范永慧, 杨启慧, 李琼艳, 杨海. 人工饲料和桑叶对家蚕机体3 种代谢酶活性的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2023, 52(1): 154-160.

WANG Yongsheng, ZHU Shuifen, CHEN Song, CHEN Yunming, JIANG Ya, FAN Yonghui, YANG Qihui, LI Qiongyan, YANG Hai. Effects of Artificial Diet and Mulberry Leaves on Activities of Three Metabolic Enzymes in Bombyx mori[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 52(1): 154-160.

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