河南农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 127-140.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.11.018

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同铵态氮/硝态氮配比对2种开唇兰属植物组培苗生长的影响

罗剑飘1,2,谭嘉娜1,2,官锦燕1,2,黄海英1,2,陈月桂1,2,杨俊贤1,2,罗青文1,2   

  1. (1.广东省生物工程研究所 广东省甘蔗改良与生物炼制重点实验室,广东 广州 510316;2.广东省生物工程研究所 湛江甘蔗研究中心,广东 湛江 524000)
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-20 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 罗青文(1988-),男,广东湛江人,助理研究员,主要从事药用植物组培研究。E-mail: 963153880@qq.com
  • 作者简介:罗剑飘(1987-),女,广东阳春人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事药用植物组培研究。E-mail: moonlake123@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科学院建设国内一流研究机构行动专项资金项目(2019GDASYL-0105030);广东省科技计划项目(2016A020227013)

 Influence of Different Combination Ratios of Ammonium Nitrogen and Nitrate Nitrogen on Two Kinds of Tissue Culture Plantlets of Anoectochilus

 LUO Jianpiao1,2,TAN Jiana1,2,GUAN Jinyan1,2,HUANG Haiying1,2,CHEN Yuegui1,2,YANG Junxian1,2,LUO Qingwen1,2   

  1.  ( 1.Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Bio-Refinery,Guangdong Bioengineering Institute,Guangzhou 510316,China; 2.Zhanjiang Sugarcane Research Center,Guangdong Bioengineering Institute,Zhanjiang 524000,China)
  • Received:2019-06-20 Published:2019-11-15 Online:2019-11-15

摘要: 为了研究不同NH4+/NO3-配比对金线兰(Anoectochilus roxburghii)和云南野生开唇兰属植物(简称云南开唇兰)组培苗生长的影响,设置NH4+/NO3-比例分别为0/30、5/25、10/20、15/15、20/10、25/5、30/0、20/40、30/30的9个处理组,接种二者的顶芽及茎段,分别培养90、120 d后测量其各项生长指标,以期为开唇兰属植物组培快繁培养基的优化及生产上合理施用氮肥提供理论依据。结果表明,不同NH4+、NO3-配比对金线兰、云南开唇兰顶芽的茎高、节数、枯萎节数、展叶数、枯叶数、近茎尖第1片开展叶叶长及叶宽、基内根及气生根根数和根长均有显著或极显著影响,对二者茎段的萌芽数、芽高、节数、展叶数、倒二叶叶长和叶宽、茎粗、芽的根数均有显著或极显著影响。在氮素总含量为30 mmol/L的情况下,当NH4+/NO3-比例较低时,金线兰与云南开唇兰的顶芽均长势良好,茎叶正常,茎段萌芽率亦较高,芽体生长良好;随着NH+4浓度的增加,二者顶芽生长状态均呈逐渐下滑趋势,茎段萌芽率也逐渐降低,芽体长势变差,最后导致植株或茎段死亡。NH4+/NO3-比例对2种开唇兰属植物植株形态有着重要影响。对金线兰顶芽生长及茎段萌芽较好的NH4+/NO3-比例分别为0/30、5/25、10/20、20/40,对云南开唇兰较好的比例分别为0/30、5/25。组培快繁时可在较佳NH4+/NO3-配比基础上添加其他有机或无机组分,以促进种苗生长;大田生产上,可以适当提高氮肥中的硝态氮比例。

关键词: 开唇兰, 金线兰, 铵态氮, 硝态氮, 组培

Abstract: In order to analyze the influence of different combination ratios of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen on the tissue culture plantlets of Anoectochilus roxburghii and Anoectochilus plant from Yunnan,nine concentration gradients of NH4+/NO3- were set: 0/30,5/25,10/20,15/15,20/10,25/5,30/0,20/40,30/30. Terminal buds and stem segments of the two plants’plantlets were inoculated in the medium and various growth indexes were measured after 90 and 120 days so as to provide references for the tissue culture,rapid propagation,and reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer.The results showed that different combination ratios of NH4+/NO3- not only had significant or extremely significant impacts on the terminal buds reflecting in height,internode number,dead number of internodes,leave number,dead number of leaves,length and width of the first leaf near the stem apex,number and length of the roots in the medium and in the air,but also had significant or extremely significant impacts on the stem segments reflecting in budding number,height of buds,internode number,leave number,length and width of the second leaf above,stem diameter,root number of the buds. At the total nitrogen concentration of 30 mmol/L,when the combination ratios of NH4+/NO3- were relatively low,terminal buds of the two plants grew well, stem and leaves appeared normal,the budding rate of stem segments was high and the new buds grew well; while with the increasing combination ratio of NH4+/NO3-,terminal buds of the two plants grew worse and worse,the budding rate of stem segments became lower and lower and the new buds grew weaker and weaker. High combination ratios of NH4+/NO3-led to the death of the terminal buds and stem segments at last.The combination ratios of NH4+/NO3-had important effects on the plant morphology of Anoectochilus.The better combination ratios of NH4+/NO3- for the growing of Anoectochilus roxburghii’s terminal buds and for the shooting of its stem segments were 0/30,5/25,10/20,20/40,while the better combination ratios of NH4+/NO3-for Anoectochilus plant from Yunnan were 0/30,5/25. In the process of tissue culture,organic and inorganic nutrients can be added into the medium based on these better NH4+/NO3- ratios to promote the growth of seedings; nitrate nitrogen ratios can be raised under field conditions.

Key words:  Anoectochilus, Anoectochilus roxburghii, Ammonium nitrogen, Nitrate nitrogen, Tissue cul ture

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