Abstract: To optimize the stem‑included harvesting and curing method of upper tobacco leaves and enhance its usability，three treatments were set up：Upper 6 tobacco leaves with stems（partial stem retention，CK），upper 3 and lower 3 tobacco leaves with stems（segmented stem retention，T1）and single leaves with 2—3 cm stems（single‑leaf stem retention，T2）.By measuring malondialdehyde（MDA）content and antioxidant enzyme［superoxide dismutase（SOD），catalase（CAT），peroxidase（POD），and polyphenol oxidase（PPO）］activities，along with flue‑cured conventional chemical composition，appearance quality and sensory quality，the effects of different stem‑included treatments on cell activity and quality of tobacco leaves were systematically analyzed. The results showed that the MDA content of the three treatments reached the peak at 144 h，and the MDA content of T1 and T2 treatments was 13.54% and 3.81% lower than that of CK treatment，respectively. During 24—36 h，the SOD activity of each treatment decreased the most，which was 18. 18% in CK treatment，14.64% in T1 group and 20.50% in T2 treatment，respectively.The peak values of CAT and POD activities in T1 treatment increased most significantly，which were 13.46% and 32.66% higher than those in CK treatment，respectively，while those in T2 treatment were 4.91% and 12.19%，respectively. The decrease rate of PPO activity was T1>T2>CK. Comprehensive evaluation of the quality of flue‑cured tobacco leaves showed that the coordination of chemical composition and sensory quality in T1 and T2 treatments were better than CK treatment，and the total scores of appearance quality were 6.35% and 1.47% higher than CK treatment，respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between MDA content and key enzyme activity in T2 and CK treatments was lower. Principal component analysis further showed that routine chemical components of T1 treatment had the highest score.In summary，T1 could effectively maintain the stability of enzyme activity，reduce MDA content，maintain the coordination of chemical composition，improve the color of flue‑cured tobacco leaves，and thus comprehensively improve the quality of tobacco leaves.

Key words: Upper tobacco leaves, Stem?included harvesting and curing, Segmented stem retention, Cell activity, Tobacco leaf quality

摘要： 为优化上部烟叶带茎采烤方式并提高其可用性，设置3个处理：上部6片烟叶带茎（半斩茎，CK）、上部3片与下部3片烟叶分别带茎（分段带茎，T1）及单片烟叶带2~3 cm小茎（单叶带茎，T2）。通过测定烘烤过程中烟叶丙二醛（MDA）含量、抗氧化酶［超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）］活性以及烤后烟叶的常规化学成分、外观质量和感官品质，系统分析不同带茎处理对烟叶细胞活性与质量的影响。结果表明，烘烤至144 h时，3个处理的MDA含量均达峰值，其中，T1和T2处理的MDA含量较CK处理分别降低13.54%和3.81%。在24~36 h期间，各处理SOD活性下降幅度最大，分别为CK处理18.18%、T1处理14.64%和T2处理20.50%；T1处理的CAT和POD活性峰值提升最为显著，分别较CK处理提高13.46%和32.66%，而T2处理增幅较小，分别为4.91%和12.19%；PPO活性下降速率为T1>T2>CK。烤后烟叶质量综合评价显示，T1、T2处理的常规化学成分协调性和感官质量均优于CK处理，外观质量总分分别较CK处理提高6.35%和1.47%。相关性分析表明，T2、CK处理中MDA含量与关键酶活性的相关性系数较低；主成分分析进一步显示，T1处理的常规化学成分得分最高。综上，分段带茎采烤（T1）能够有效维持酶活性稳定，降低MDA含量，保持化学成分协调，改善烤后烟叶色泽，从而全面提升烟叶品质。

关键词: 上部烟叶, 带茎采烤, 分段带茎, 细胞活性, 烟叶质量