Isolation and Identification of Chaetomium globosum from Wheat Roots and Its Biocontrol Effect on Take‑All Disease

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.010

Abstract

Abstract: To develop green control strategies for wheat take‑all，Chaetomium globosum was isolated from the roots of healthy wheat plants in different regions of Henan Province and identified through morphological and molecular methods. This study aimed to investigate the antagonistic capability of the root‑endophytic C.globosum against the take‑all pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis and to elucidate its underlying metabolic regulatory mechanisms.The results showed that a total of 27 strains of C.globosum were isolated and identified from the wheat roots. Through plate antagonism assays and seedling experiments，15 strains with significant growth‑promoting and disease‑preventing effects were screened.These strains exhibited inhibition rates of 33.7% to 65.1% against the pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis GaNS‑90 in plate assays，with control efficacies ranging from 30.4% to 64.6% at the seedling stage. Considering the production of perithecia，strain M12XP1‑2‑3 was identified as the optimal strain.Transcriptome analysis indicated that C.globosum M12XP1‑2‑3 exerted its antagonistic effects through multiple pathways，including resource competition，metabolic reprogramming，and antibiotic pressure，by regulating the expression of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism，lipid metabolism，and drug resistance in G. graminis. The fermentation broth of M12XP1‑2‑3 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of the pathogen（inhibition rate of 89.4%）and provided a control efficacy of 39.8% against wheat take‑all at the seedling stage. Furthermore，it alleviated the host’s excessive defense response by downregulating peroxidase（POD）and polyphenol oxidase（PPO）activities and reducing the accumulation of osmotic substances，thereby promoting the recovery of wheat growth. In summary，C.globosum M12XP1‑2‑3 can control wheat take‑all through the synergistic effects of the antagonistic mechanisms via metabolites and the regulation of host defense responses，providing a new strategy for the green control of this disease.

Key words: Wheat take?all, Chaetomium globosum, Biological control, Antagonistic mechanism

摘要： 为开发小麦全蚀病的绿色防控策略，从河南省不同区域健康小麦根部分离并通过形态学和分子鉴定得到球毛壳菌（Chaetomium globosum），探究小麦根部球毛壳菌对小麦全蚀病菌（Gaeumannomyces graminis）的拮抗能力并解析其代谢调控机制。结果表明，从小麦根部共分离鉴定出27个球毛壳菌菌株，经平板拮抗和苗期试验筛选出15株具有显著促生和防病效果的菌株，其对全蚀病菌GaNS-90的平板抑制率为33.7%~65.1%，苗期防效达30.4%~64.6%。综合产子囊壳量评估，确定M12XP1-2-3为最优菌株。转录组分析揭示，球毛壳菌M12XP1-2-3能通过调控全蚀病菌的碳水化合物代谢、脂质代谢及药物抗性相关基因表达发挥资源竞争、代谢重编程和抗生素压力等多途径拮抗作用。其发酵液可显著抑制病原菌菌丝生长（抑制率89.4%），对苗期小麦全蚀病的防效达39.8%，并通过下调宿主过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性及渗透物质积累缓解宿主过度防御反应，促进小麦生长恢复。综上，球毛壳菌M12XP1-2-3可通过代谢产物拮抗和宿主防御调节的协同作用防治小麦全蚀病，为该病害的绿色防控提供新策略。

关键词: 小麦全蚀病, 球毛壳菌, 生物防治, 拮抗机制

CLC Number:

S476

FENG Chaohong, XU Fei, ZHANG Jiaojiao, LI Lijuan, HAN Zihang, LIU Lulu, ZHAO Guojian. Isolation and Identification of Chaetomium globosum from Wheat Roots and Its Biocontrol Effect on Take‑All Disease[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(11): 91-101.

冯超红, 徐飞, 张姣姣, 李丽娟, 韩自行, 刘露露, 赵国建. 小麦根部球毛壳菌的分离鉴定及其对全蚀病的生防作用[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(11): 91-101.

Figures/Tables 8

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