Identification and Expression Analysis of OBP and CSP Genes in the Sex Pheromone‑producing Gland of Domestic and Chinese Wild Silkworms

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.07.016

Abstract

Abstract: To explore the mechanism of insect odor recognition and chemoreception，based on the previous transcriptome data，the odorant‑binding protein（OBP）and chemosensory protein（CSP）genes in the sex pheromone‑producing glands（PGs） of domestic silkworm（Bombyx mori） and Chinese wild silkworm（Bombyx mandarina）were screened and identified，and the spatio‑temporal expression patterns of the differentially expressed genes were analyzed. At the same time，the relative concentration changes of sex pheromone components（bombykol and bombykal）in silkworm at different developmental stages were detected by gas chromatography‑mass spectrometry（GC‑MS）. The results showed that a total of 13 OBP genes and 10 CSP genes were identified in the PGs of both domestic and wild silkworms. Among them，five OBP genes（OBP11，OBP23，OBP27，OBP41，and OBP42）and four CSP genes（CSP3，CSP12，CSP13，and CSP15）had significant expression differences.The expression levels of these differentially expressed genes in different tissues of domestic silkworm larvae and adults were different.It was worth noting that the OBP11 gene showed the highest expression level in the PGs of domestic and wild silkworms，and was continuously expressed in the PGs of domestic silkworms at different developmental stages.Further analysis showed that the expression level of this gene was significantly increased at 0.001 level at 24 h after eclosion compared with that before eclosion，and significantly decreased at 0.001 level at 6 h after mating.GC‑MS analysis showed that the relative concentration of bombykol remained stable before eclosion，increased significantly at the 0.001 level after 24 h of eclosion，and decreased significantly at the 0.001 level after 3 h of mating. In contrast，the relative concentration of bombykal maintained a stable level during the entire developmental process. In conclusion，the OBP11 gene is highly expressed in the PGs of both domestic and wild silkworms.The expression dynamics of this gene（upregulated after eclosion and downregulated after mating）are highly consistent with the alterations in bombykol content，suggesting that this gene may be involved in the binding and release processes of sex pheromones.

Key words: Domestic silkworm, Chinese wild silkworm, Sex pheromone?producing gland, Odorant?binding protein, Chemosensory protein, Gene identification, Expression analysis

摘要： 为探究昆虫气味识别和化学感受机制，基于前期转录组数据，筛选并鉴定家蚕（Bombyx mori）和中国野桑蚕（Bombyx mandarina）性信息素分泌腺（Sex pheromone‑producing glands，PGs）中的气味结合蛋白（OBP）和化学感受蛋白（CSP）基因，分析其差异表达基因的时空表达特征，同时采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）检测家蚕性信息素成分（蚕蛾醇和蚕蛾醛）在不同发育阶段的相对浓度变化。结果表明，在家蚕和中国野桑蚕性信息素分泌腺中共鉴定出13个OBP基因和10个CSP基因。其中，5个OBP基因（OBP11、OBP23、OBP27、OBP41、OBP42）和4个CSP基因（CSP3、CSP12、CSP13、CSP15）表达水平存在显著差异。这些差异表达基因在家蚕幼虫和成虫各组织中的表达水平各异。值得注意的是，OBP11 基因在家蚕和中国野桑蚕性信息素分泌腺中表现出最高的表达量，且在家蚕不同发育阶段的性信息素分泌腺中持续性表达。进一步分析发现，该基因表达水平在羽化24 h较羽化前在0.001水平上显著升高，而在交配6 h则在0.001水平上显著下降。GC-MS分析显示，蚕蛾醇的相对浓度在羽化前保持稳定，而在羽化24 h在0.001水平上显著上升，交配3 h在0.001水平上显著下降。相比之下，蚕蛾醛的相对浓度在整个发育过程中始终维持稳定水平。综上，OBP11基因在家蚕和中国野桑蚕性信息素分泌腺中均呈现高表达，其表达动态（羽化后上调、交配后下调）与蚕蛾醇含量变化高度一致，提示该基因可能参与了性信息素的结合与释放过程。

关键词: 家蚕, 中国野桑蚕, 性信息素分泌腺, 气味结合蛋白, 化学感受蛋白, 基因鉴定, 表达分析

CLC Number:

S881

WANG Qinghai, JIA Yanhua, ZHANG Yu, HUANG Zhenfu. Identification and Expression Analysis of OBP and CSP Genes in the Sex Pheromone‑producing Gland of Domestic and Chinese Wild Silkworms[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(7): 153-161.

王清海, 贾燕华, 张瑜, 黄珍富. 家蚕和中国野桑蚕性信息素分泌腺OBP和CSP基因的鉴定及表达分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(7): 153-161.

Figures/Tables 7

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