Transcriptional Levels of PD‑1 and Its Ligands and Immunosuppressive Mechanism in Swine Infected with Foot‑and‑Mouth Disease Virus

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.08.014

Abstract

Abstract: This study investigated the mRNA transcription levels of programmed death‑1（PD‑1）and its ligands（PD‑L1，PD‑L2），cytokines［interleukin‑2（IL‑2），interleukin‑10（IL‑10），interferon‑γ（IFN‑γ）］，and proliferation ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells（PBMCs）in pigs infected with foot and mouth disease virus（FMDV），to explore the mechanism of the PD‑1/PD‑Ls pathway in the immunosuppressive process induced by FMDV.The results showed that at 3，7，14 and 17 days after infection with FMDV，the transcription level of PD‑1 mRNA significantly or extremely significantly increased，reaching a peak at 7 days after infection，and then gradually decreased.At 3 and 7 days after infection with FMDV，the transcription level of PD‑L1 mRNA extremely significantly increased.At 3 days after infection with FMDV，the transcription level of PD‑L2 mRNA significantly increased.At 3 and 7 days after infection with FMDV，the transcription level of IL‑2 mRNA significantly decreased.At 1 and 3 days after infection with FMDV，the transcription levels of IFN‑γ mRNA extremely significantly decreased.The change trend of transcription levels of IL‑2 and IFN‑γ mRNA showed opposite to those of PD‑1 and its ligands mRNA. At 3，7 and 14 days after infection with FMDV，the transcription level of IL‑10 mRNA significantly or extremely significantly increased，which was consistent with the change trend of the transcription levels of PD‑1 and its ligands mRNA. After infection with FMDV，the viral load of FMDV in the whole blood gradually increased with the progression of infection time，reaching a peak at 7 days after infection，which was generally consistent with the change trend of PD‑1 and its ligand mRNA transcription levels.At 7 days after infection，the proliferation ability of PBMCs obviously decreased.Overall，after FMDV infection，the transcription levels of PD‑1 and its ligands mRNA are upregulated，which is an important pathogenic mechanism for immune suppression caused by FMDV infection.

Key words: Swine, Foot?and?mouth disease virus, Programmed death?1, Programmed death ligand?1, Transcription level, Immunosuppressive mechanism

摘要： 研究猪感染口蹄疫病毒（Foot‑and‑mouth disease virus，FMDV）后程序性死亡受体-1（Programmed death‑1，PD-1）及其配体（PD-L1、PD-L2），细胞因子IL-2（Interleukin‑2）、IL-10（Interleukin‑10）、IFN-γ（Interferon‑γ）］mRNA转录水平和外周血单个核细胞（Peripheral blood mononuclear cells，PBMCs）增殖能力，探讨PD-1/PD-Ls通路在FMDV引起免疫抑制过程中的作用机制。结果表明，猪感染FMDV后3、7、14、17 d，PD-1的mRNA转录水平显著或极显著升高，感染后7 d达到峰值，之后逐渐降低；感染FMDV后3 d和7 d，PD-L1的mRNA转录水平极显著升高；感染FMDV后3 d，PD-L2的mRNA转录水平显著升高。感染FMDV后3、7 d，IL-2的mRNA转录水平显著下降；感染FMDV后1、3 d，IFN-γ的mRNA转录水平极显著下降，IL-2和IFN-γ 的mRNA转录水平与PD-1及其配体mRNA转录水平变化趋势相反；感染FMDV后3、7、14 d，IL-10 的mRNA转录水平显著或极显著升高，与PD-1及其配体mRNA转录水平变化趋势相同。感染FMDV后，全血中FMDV的病毒载量随着感染后时间的推进逐渐升高，感染后7 d达到峰值，与PD-1及其配体mRNA转录水平变化趋势总体上相同。感染后7 d，PBMCs的增殖能力明显降低。综上，FMDV感染猪后，总体上上调了PD-1及其配体的mRNA转录水平，是FMDV感染引起机体免疫抑制的重要致病机制。

关键词: 猪, 口蹄疫病毒, 程序性死亡受体-1, 程序性死亡受体配体-1, 转录水平, 免疫抑制机制

CLC Number:

S852.65

YUE Feng, ZHOU Juanjuan, ZHU Yanping, GUO Dongguang, XIA Liming, ZHU Yangzhao, WANG Xuannian. Transcriptional Levels of PD‑1 and Its Ligands and Immunosuppressive Mechanism in Swine Infected with Foot‑and‑Mouth Disease Virus[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(8): 126-132.

岳锋, 周娟娟, 朱艳平, 郭东光, 夏黎明, 祝仰钊, 王选年. 口蹄疫病毒感染后猪PD-1 及其配体转录水平变化和免疫抑制机制分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(8): 126-132.

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