Abstract: Using Guifei mangoes as experimental materials，transcriptome and metabolome analyses were conducted on flower buds at three stages after flower‐removal treatment and non‐flower‐removal treatment.The aim was to explore the changes in the expression levels of key enzyme genes and metabolites in the lignin synthesis pathway during the flower bud differentiation process after the flower‐removal treatment of mangoes，and provide a reference for revealing the molecular regulatory mechanism of lignin biosynthesis in mango flower bud differentiation.The transcriptome sequencing results showed that a total of 47 614 differentially expressed genes were obtained across the three stages.KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that in the top ten pathways of the three stages，the pathways of plant hormone signal transduction，plant‐pathogen interaction，phenylpropanoid biosynthesis，starch and sucrose metabolism，protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum，plant MAPK signal pathway，and glutathione metabolism pathway were all enriched. The metabolome analysis results showed that 243 differential metabolites were identified across the three stages.Among them，127 differential metabolites were up‐regulated，and 116 were down‐regulated. In the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway，there were 142 differential genes and 8 differential metabolites. After further screening，63 differential genes and 5 differential metabolites related to the lignin synthesis pathway were found，involving 10 types of enzymes and 5 types of metabolites.There were a total of four enzymes and metabolites related to flower bud differentiation，namely phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase（PAL），peroxidase（POD），L‐phenylalanine，and chlorogenic acid. Among them，the expression levels of PAL gene，L‐phenylalanine，and chlorogenic acid were up‐regulated，while the gene expression level of POD was both up‐regulated and down‐regulated. In conclusion，the expression levels of differential genes and metabolites in the lignin synthesis pathway were mainly up‐regulated.

Key words: Mango, Flower bud differentiation, Lignin synthesis pathway, Transcriptome, Metabotlome

摘要： 以贵妃芒果为试验材料，对摘花处理和未摘花处理后的3个时期花芽进行转录组和代谢组分析，探究芒果摘花处理后，花芽分化过程中木质素合成途径上关键酶基因和代谢物表达水平的变化，为芒果花芽分化中木质素生物合成分子调控机制的揭示提供参考。转录组测序结果显示，在3个时期共获得47 614个差异表达基因，KEGG 富集分析表明，3个时期前10条通路都富集到植物激素信号转导、植物-病原体互作、苯丙烷类生物合成、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、内质网中的蛋白质加工、植物MAPK信号通路、谷胱甘肽代谢通路。代谢组分析结果表明，3个时期定位到243个差异代谢物，上调差异代谢物有127个，下调差异代谢物有116个。其中，苯丙烷类生物合成通路的差异基因和差异代谢物分别有142个和8个，进一步筛选与木质素合成途径相关的差异基因和差异代谢物分别有63、5个，涉及10种酶和5种代谢物。与花芽分化有关的酶与代谢物共4种，分别为苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、过氧化物酶（POD）、L-苯丙氨酸、绿原酸，其中，PAL基因、L-苯丙氨酸、绿原酸表达量为上调，POD基因表达量既上调又下调。综上表明，木质素合成途径中差异基因及代谢物表达量主要呈现上调。

关键词: 芒果, 花芽分化, 木质素合成途径, 转录组, 代谢组