Abstract:  To explore the effects of phosphorylase kinase γ 1（PHKG1） gene polymorphism on carcass and meat quality traits of Xuanhe pig，a total of 110 Xuanhe pigs were used as experimental materials.Sanger sequencing was used to detect single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）loci of the PHKG1 gene.The least squares model was employed to analyze the effects of each locus and haplotype combination on carcass and meat quality traits. The results showed that five synonymous SNP loci of the PHKG1 gene were detected in Xuanhe pig. These loci were located in exon 3（rs319153825 and rs32868594） and exon 10（rs322352666，rs341765073，and rs709202338） regions，all of which were consistent with Hardy⁃Weinberg equilibrium. These loci were dominated by the AG（0.563 6），CC（0.836 4），TT（0.590 9），CC（0.836 4），and CC（0.836 4） genotypes，and the A（0.536 4），C（0.918 2），T（0.790 9），C（0.918 2），and C（0.918 2） alleles. The rs319153825 and rs322352666 loci exhibited moderate polymorphism［polymorphic information content（PIC）：0.373 7 and 0.276 0］ and relatively high genetic diversity［heterozygosity（H）：0.497 4 and 0.330 7）. The rs328686594，rs341765073，and rs709202338 loci exhibited low polymorphism（PIC=0.139 0） and low genetic diversity（H=0.150 2）.The association analysis results showed that the rs319153825 locus was significantly associated with ham percentage and dressing percentage.The rs322352666 locus was extremely significantly associated with cooked percentage.The rs328686594，rs341765073，and rs709202338 loci were significantly associated with dressing percentage and intramuscular fat content.The ACTCC/ACTCC haplotype combination was significantly or extremely significantly associated with carcass straight length，loin eye area，dressing percentage，lean meat percentage，meat color score，marbling score，cooked percentage，and intramuscular fat content. Individuals with the ACTCC haplotype had the higher carcass and meat quality indicators，and exhibited significant synergistic effects.In summary，the polymorphism of PHKG1 gene has a significant regulatory effect on carcass and meat quality traits of Xuanhe pig，and can serve as a key candidate gene and molecular genetic marker，providing theoretical basis for molecular marker⁃assisted breeding and genetic improvement of Xuanhe pig.

Key words: Xuanhe pig, PHKG1 gene, Single nucleotide polymorphism, Carcass trait, Meat quality trait

摘要： 为探究磷酸化酶激酶γ1（PHKG1）基因多态性对宣和猪胴体及肉质性状的影响，以110头宣和猪为研究对象，采用Sanger测序技术检测PHKG1基因单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点，结合最小二乘模型分析各位点及单倍型组合与胴体、肉质性状的关联效应。结果表明，宣和猪PHKG1基因共存在5个同义SNP位点，分别位于外显子3（rs319153825 和rs328686594）和外显子10（rs322352666、rs341765073 和rs709202338）区域，所有位点均符合哈迪-温伯格平衡。各位点优势基因型分别为AG（0.563 6）、CC（0.836 4）、TT（0.590 9）、CC（0.836 4）、CC（0.836 4），优势等位基因为A（0.536 4）、C（0.918 2）、T（0.790 9）、C（0.918 2）、C（0.918 2）。rs319153825 与rs322352666 位点为中度多态［多态信息含量（PIC）分别为0.373 7、0.276 0］，遗传多样性较高［杂合度（H）分别为0.497 4、0.330 7］；rs328686594、rs341765073、rs709202338 位点均为低度多态（PIC=0.139 0），遗传多样性较低（H=0.150 2）。关联分析表明，rs319153825位点与后腿比例和屠宰率间存在显著关联，rs322352666位点与熟肉率间存在极显著关联，rs328686594、rs341765073和rs709202338位点与屠宰率和肌内脂肪含量间均存在显著关联；单倍型组合ACTCC/ACTCC与胴体直长、眼肌面积、屠宰率、瘦肉率、肉色评分、大理石纹评分、熟肉率和肌内脂肪含量之间存在显著或极显著关联；含有ACTCC单倍型个体的胴体与肉质指标均处于较高水平，表现出明显的增效效应。综上，PHKG1基因多态性对宣和猪胴体与肉质性状存在显著调控作用，可作为关键候选基因与分子遗传标记，为宣和猪分子标记辅助育种、遗传改良提供理论依据。

关键词: 宣和猪, PHKG1基因, 单核苷酸多态性, 胴体性状, 肉质性状