Abstract: The effect of reduced application of chemical fertilizer［675 kg/ha（F3），607 kg/ha（F2）and 540 kg/ha（F1）］combined with application of bio⁃organic fertilizer［3 000 kg/ha（O1），5 000 kg/ha（O2）and 8 000 kg/ha（O3）］on the yield and quality of garlic sprout and garlic was studied with Mousuan No.1 as material，so as to determine the optimal fertilizer combination，and on this basis，the effect of irrigation amount［800 m³/ha（I1）and 1 600 m³/ha（I2）］on the yield and quality of garlic was studied，so as to determine the best water and fertilizer management measures.The results showed that with the increase of the application rate of bio⁃organic fertilizer，the yields of garlic sprout and garlic increased first and then decreased，and the O2 treatment was the highest. Under O1 condition，with the increase of chemical fertilizer application rate，the yields of garlic sprout and garlic significantly increased；under O2 and O3 conditions，with the increase of chemical fertilizer application rate，the yields of garlic sprout and garlic decreased. O2F1 treatment had the highest yields of garlic sprout and garlic，which significantly increased by 2.79%—28.28% and 1.84%—21.44% compared with other treatments，respectively.With the increase of the application rate of bio⁃organic fertilizer，the contents of soil organic matter，alkali⁃hydrolyzed nitrogen，available phosphorus and available potassium all significantly increased.With the increase of bio⁃organic fertilizer application rate and the decrease of chemical fertilizer application rate，the allicin，soluble sugar，soluble protein and vitamin C（Vc）contents of garlic and garlic sprout gradually increased，and the nitrate content gradually decreased.The quality of garlic and garlic sprout of O3F1 treatment was the best，O3F2 and O2F1 treatments were better，and there was no significant difference among the three treatments in general. By considering the yield and quality of garlic and garlic sprout，O2F1 treatment was the best. Irrigation test was carried out on the basis of O2F1 treatment，and the results showed that compared with I1O2F1 treatment，the garlic yield of I2O2F1 treatment significantly increased by 4.4%，the contents of allicin，Vc and nitrate significantly decreased by 10.40%，4.19% and 9.38%，and the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein significantly increased by 5.52% and 3.83%.By considering the yield and quality of garlic，I2O2F1 treatment was the best.

Key words: Garlic, Reduced application of chemical fertilizer, Bio?organic fertilizer, Irrigation amount, Yield, Quality

摘要： 以牟蒜1号为试验材料，研究化肥减量［675 kg/hm²（F3）、607 kg/hm²（F2）和540 kg/hm²（F1）］配施生物有机肥［3 000 kg/hm²（O1）、5 000 kg/hm²（O2）和8 000 kg/hm²（O3）］对蒜薹、蒜头产量和品质的影响，确定最佳肥料组合，并在此基础上探讨灌溉量［800 m3/hm²（I1）和1 600 m3/hm²（I2）］对蒜头产量和品质的影响，以确定最佳的水肥管理措施。结果表明，随着生物有机肥施用量增加，蒜薹和蒜头的产量均先增加后降低，以O2处理最高。在O1条件下，随着化肥施用量的增加，蒜薹和蒜头的产量均显著增加；在O2和O3条件下，随着化肥施用量的增加，蒜薹和蒜头的产量均减少。蒜薹和蒜头的产量均以O2F1处理最高，分别较其他处理显著提高2.79%~28.28%、1.84%~21.44%。随着生物有机肥用量增加，土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均显著增加。随着生物有机肥的增加、化肥施用量的减少，蒜头和蒜薹的大蒜素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C（Vc）含量均逐渐增加，硝酸盐含量均逐渐降低。蒜头和蒜薹的品质以O3F1处理最优，O3F2、O2F1处理较优，总体上三者差异不显著。综合考虑蒜头和蒜薹的产量和品质，以O2F1处理最优。在O2F1处理基础上进行灌溉量试验，结果表明，I2O2F1处理蒜头产量较I1O2F1处理显著提高4.4%，大蒜素、Vc、硝酸盐含量较I1O2F1处理显著降低10.40%、4.19%、9.38%，可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量较I1O2F1处理显著增加5.52%、3.83%。综合考虑大蒜产量和品质，以I2O2F1处理最优。

关键词: 大蒜, 化肥减施, 生物有机肥, 灌溉量, 产量, 品质