Effects of Different Kinds of Slow/Controlled‑Release Fertilizers on the Yield and Quality of Intercropped Peanuts

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.11.006

Abstract

Abstract: In order to select slow/controlled‑release fertilizers suitable for peanut‑wheat intercropping system，six slow/controlled‑release fertilizers were selected：Kingenta controlled‑release mixed fertilizer（treatment 1），Stanley slow‑release fertilizer（treatment 2），Hongsifang slow‑release mixed fertilizer（treatment 3），Sierte long‑term slow‑release fertilizer（treatment 4），soil fertilizer controlled‑release fertilizer（treatment 5）and Xinlianxin water contact membrane controlled‑release compound fertilizer（treatment 6）.At the same time，Stanley common compound fertilizer（treatment 7）and a control （treatment 8，no fertilization）were set to study the effects of different slow/controlled‑release fertilizers on the yield and quality of peanut intercropped with wheat under the condition of equal fertilization in the field.The results showed that with the development of growth period，the leaf area indexes increased firstly and then decreased，and reached the peak in the podding period（before and after August 8），and the treatments 1 and 2 were larger，followed by treatments 3 and 6.With the advance of growth period，the dry matter accumulation of peanut intercropped with wheat increased gradually. The dry matter accumulation of treatments 1—6 were significantly higher than that of the control.The pod yield，seed kernel yield，full fruit number per plant，100 fruit weight，100 kernel weight and kernel rate of treatments 1—6 were higher than those of treatment 7 and the control，and treatments 1 and 2 performed better.The pod yield and kernel yield increased by 13.65%，12.66%，and 19.15%，17.79% respectively compared with treatment 7，followed by treatments 6 and 3.The contents of grain protein，crude fat，oleic acid，soluble sugar and oleic acid/linoleic acid in treatments 1—6 were higher than those in treatment 7 and the control. Treatments 1 and 2 showed better performance，increased by 9.59%，2.25%，6.77%，6.59%，11.08% and 8.52%，2.11%，6.10%，6.08%，9.90%,respectively，followed by treatments 6 and 3；The linoleic acid content of the control seed kernel was higher than that of other treatments，followed by the treatment 7，and the treatment 1 was the lowest. It can be seen that slow/controlled‑release compound fertilizer can increase the leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of peanut intercropped with wheat during harvest significantly，increase the yield of peanut intercropped with wheat significantly and improve the quality of peanut compared with the application of the same amount of ordinary compound fertilizer and no fertilizer，and the effects of treatments 1（Kingenta controlled‑release mixed fertilizer）and treatment 2（Stanley slow‑release fertilizer）were better，followed by the treatment 3（Hongsifang slow‑release mixed fertilizer）and the treatment 6（Xinlianxin water contact membrane controlled‑release compound fertilizer）.

Key words: Slow/controlled?release fertilizer, Peanut intercropped with wheat, Leaf area index, Dry matter, Yield, Quality

摘要： 为了筛选适合麦套花生应用的缓/控释肥料，选用金正大控释掺混肥（处理1）、史丹利缓释肥料（处理2）、红四方缓释掺混肥料（处理3）、司尔特长效缓释肥（处理4）、土肥收控释肥（处理5）、心连心水触膜控释放复合肥（处理6）6种缓/控释肥料，同时设置史丹利普通复混肥（处理7）和对照（处理8，不施肥），在大田等量施肥条件下，研究不同种类缓/控释肥料对麦套花生产量和品质的影响。结果表明，随着生育时期的推进，麦套花生叶面积指数均呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势，且在结荚期（8月8日前后）达到峰值，其中以处理1、2较大，处理3、6次之。随着生育时期的推进，麦套花生干物质积累量均呈现逐渐上升的变化趋势，处理1—6干物质积累量均显著高于对照。处理1—6的荚果产量、籽仁产量、单株饱果数、百果质量、百仁质量和出仁率均高于处理7和对照，且以处理1和处理2表现较优，荚果产量和籽仁产量较处理7分别增加13.65%、12.66%和19.15%、17.79%，处理6、3次之。处理1—6的籽粒蛋白质、粗脂肪、油酸、可溶性糖含量和油酸/亚油酸均高于处理7和对照，其中处理1和处理2表现较优，较处理7分别增加9.59%、2.25%、6.77%、6.59%、11.08%和8.52%、2.11%、6.10%、6.08%、9.90%，处理6、3次之；对照籽仁亚油酸含量均高于其他处理，处理7次之，处理1最小。可见，与施用等量普通复混肥、不施肥相比，施用缓/控释复合肥可显著增加麦套花生收获期叶面积指数、干物质积累量，显著增加麦套花生单产，改善花生品质，且以处理1（金正大控释掺混肥）、处理2（史丹利缓释肥料）效果较好，其次为处理3（红四方缓释掺混肥料）、处理6（心连心水触膜控释放复合肥）。

关键词: 缓/控释肥料, 麦套花生, 叶面积指数, 干物质, 产量, 品质

CLC Number:

S565.2

JI Yaokun, GUO Zhensheng, TIAN Wei, ZHANG Shenju, HUANGFU Ziqi, WU Jihua. Effects of Different Kinds of Slow/Controlled‑Release Fertilizers on the Yield and Quality of Intercropped Peanuts[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 50(11): 47-54.

纪耀坤, 郭振升, 田伟, 张慎举, 皇甫自起, 吴继华. 不同种类缓/控释肥料对麦套花生产量和品质的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2021, 50(11): 47-54.

Figures/Tables 4

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