Abstract: To screen out the genetic loci and functional genes affecting the body size and slaughter traits of Sansui ducks，655 160‐day‐old Sansui ducks were taken as the research subjects，and the phenotypic data such as body size（body skew length，neck length）and slaughter traits（pre‐slaughter live weight，carcass weight，evisceration weight and chest and leg muscle rate）were measured.The individual single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）genotypes were obtained by genome‐wide association study（10×depth），quality control analysis was conducted based on PLINK 1.9，mixed linear model association analysis was performed using GEMMA，the KEGG candidate gene function enrichment analysis of the significant association sites was performed by clusterProfiler.The results showed a total of 207，78，64，66，68 and 96 SNP loci significantly associated with body skew length，neck length，pre‐slaughter live weight，carcass weight，evisceration weight and chest and leg muscle rate，and 50，31，32，40，27 and 37 candidate genes annotated respectively.The results of KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 16，10，12，11，13 and 22 KEGG pathways were enriched for candidate genes related to body skew length，neck length，pre‐slaughter live weight，carcass weight，evisceration weight and chest and leg muscle rate.Neuroactive ligand‐receptor interaction was associated with all six traits，the calcium signaling pathway was associated with body skew length，carcass weight，eviscerated weight，and chest and leg muscle rate，and MAPK signaling pathway was associated with pre‐slaughter live weight，carcass weight，eviscerated weight.LOC119717855，GPR50，GRM7，GABRB2，GABRG2 and LOC101800857 were identified as key candidate genes for body skew length，while GRIK2 and BNIP1 were identified as key candidate genes for neck length.TAF2 and NPK genes were identified as the key candidate genes for pre‐slaughter live weight，carcass weight and evisceration weight traits. SLC8A1 gene was identified as key candidate gene for carcass weight and evisceration weight，HTR2A，QRFPR，NPVF and UTS2R genes were identified as the key candidate genes for chest and leg muscle rate.The above results showed that key signaling pathways such as neuroactive ligand‐receptor interaction and calcium signaling pathway，as well as key candidate genes such as LOC119717855，GPR50，GRIK2 and TAF2，which affected the body size and slaughter traits of Sansui ducks，were screened.

Key words: Sansui duck, Genome‐wide association study, Body size trait, Slaughter trait, Candidate gene

摘要： 为了筛选出影响三穗鸭体尺和屠宰性状的遗传位点和功能基因，以655只160日龄三穗鸭为研究对象，测定体尺（体斜长、颈长）和屠宰性状（宰前活质量、屠体质量、全净膛质量和胸腿肌率）等表型数据，通过全基因组关联分析（10×深度）获取个体单核苷酸多态性（SNP）基因型，基于PLINK 1.9进行质控分析，利用GEMMA执行混合线性模型关联分析，并通过clusterProfiler对显著关联位点进行KEGG候选基因功能富集分析。结果表明，分别筛选到与体斜长、颈长、宰前活质量、屠体质量、全净膛质量、胸腿肌率显著关联的SNP 位点207、78、64、66、68、96 个，分别注释到50、31、32、40、27、37 个候选基因。KEGG富集分析结果表明，与体斜长、颈长、宰前活质量、屠体质量、全净膛质量和胸腿肌率关联的候选基因分别富集到16、10、12、11、13、22条KEGG通路。其中，神经活性配体-受体相互作用与6个性状均有关，钙信号通路与体斜长、屠体质量、全净膛质量和胸腿肌率有关，MAPK信号通路与宰前活质量、屠体质量和全净膛质量有关。LOC119717855、GPR50、GRM7、GABRB2、GABRG2、LOC101800857等基因是体斜长的关键候选基因，GRIK2、BNIP1等基因是颈长的关键候选基因，TAF2和NRK基因是宰前活质量、屠体质量和全净膛质量的关键候选基因，SLC8A1基因是屠体质量和全净膛质量的关键候选基因，HTR2A、QRFPR、NPVF和UTS2R等基因是胸腿肌率的关键候选基因。综上，影响三穗鸭体尺与屠宰性状的主要KEGG通路为神经活性配体-受体相互作用、钙信号等信号通路，关键候选基因为
LOC119717855、GPR50、GRIK2、TAF2等。

关键词: 三穗鸭, 全基因组关联分析, 体尺性状, 屠宰性状, 候选基因