Abstract: To study the trend of changes in the yield and quality of soybean varieties approved by Henan Province，we analyzed yield，protein and oil content in regional test of 126 soybean varieties approved by Henan Province from 1985 to 2020. The results showed that the highest yield of certified soybean varieties was 3 438.75 kg/ha，the lowest was 1 973.70 kg/ha，and the average yield was 2 789.40 kg/ha.The average yield of annual certified varieties in regional trials was 1 995.53—3 339.50 kg/ha，and the overall trend was increasing. The protein content of certified soybean varieties was 33.25%—50.18%，with an average of 42.89%，and the average protein content of annual certified varieties was 39.16%—47.29%，showing an overall trend of decreasing. The fat content of the certified soybean varieties was 17.10%—22.85%，with an average of 19.75%.The average fat content of annual certified varieties was17.80%—21.87%，showing an upward trend.The sum of protein and fat content was 50.35%—73.03%，and the sum of protein and fat content of annual certified varieties was 56.96%—69.16%，showing a slow downward trend. There were 25 high‐protein（≥45%）soybean varieties and 14 high‐oil（≥21.5%）soybean varieties among the 126 soybean varieties registered in Henan Province. Correlation analysis showed that soybean yield was extremely significantly negatively correlated with protein content，with a correlation coefficient of -0.310**，and was extremely significantly positively correlated with fat content，with a correlation coefficient of 0.357**. In the future，soybean breeding in Henan Province should pay attention to improvement of the quality based on increasing the yield of varieties to make the coordinated development of yield increase and high quality.

Key words: Henan Province, Soybean, Certified varieties, Yield, Quality

摘要： 为了解河南省审定大豆品种产量和品质的变化趋势，对1985—2020年河南省审定的126个大豆品种的区域试验产量、蛋白质和脂肪含量进行分析。结果表明，审定大豆品种区域试验产量最高为3 438.75 kg/hm²，最低为1 973.70 kg/hm²，平均为2 789.40 kg/hm²，年审定品种区试平均产量为1 995.53~3 339.50 kg/hm²，整体呈上升趋势；审定大豆品种蛋白质含量为3.25%~50.18%，平均为42.89%，年审定品种平均蛋白质含量为39.16%~47.29%，整体呈下降趋势；审定大豆品种脂肪含量为17.10%~22.85%，平均为19.75%，年审定品种平均脂肪含量为17.80%~21.87%，呈上升趋势；蛋白质与脂肪含量之和为50.35%~73.03%，年审定品种蛋白质与脂肪含量之和为56.96%~69.16%，有缓慢下降趋势。河南省审定的126个大豆品种中有25个高蛋白（≥45%）大豆品种和14个高油（≥21.5%）大豆品种。相关分析表明，大豆产量与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关，相关系数为-0.310**；与脂肪含量呈极显著正相关，相关系数为0.357**。今后河南省大豆育种应在提高产量的基础上，注重提高品种蛋白质含量，使大豆产量提高和优质协调发展。

关键词: 河南省, 大豆, 审定品种, 产量, 品质