Abstract: In order to determine the suitable sowing date of summer sowing foxtail millet cultivars in Henan Province，four main cultivars，Yugu 17，Yugu 23，Yugu 28 and Yugu 29，were used to analyze change rules of growth period，dry matter accumulation and transportation of various vegetative organs before anthesis and yield under five sowing dates（June 11，June 19，June 26，July 3 and July 10）. The results showed that with the delay of sowing date，the days from seedling to heading of foxtail millet were shortened，while the days from heading to ripening were prolonged. With the delay of sowing date，dry weight of vegetative organs at anthesis and mature stages firstly decreased and then increased. All foxtail millet cultivars had relatively higher dry matter translocation amount of vegetative organs before anthesis under the first three sowing dates. The transportation rate of each vegetative organ before anthesis showed stem sheath>leaf> stem，while the contribution rate of vegetative organs to grain was just opposite，showing stem sheath<leaf<stem. Under different sowing dates，the transportation rate of total dry matter of vegetative organs before anthesis ranged from 17.26% to 45.83%，which showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with the delay of sowing date，while contribution rate of vegetative organs to grain ranged from 8.83% to 25.17%，which didn’t show a clear pattern. Further analysis showed that spike length and diameter were not significantly affected by sowing date，and their differences were mainly due to the characteristics of cultivars，while grain weight per spike and 1 000⁃grain weight decreased obviously with the delay of sowing date. The grain yield of all foxtail millet cultivars decreased with the delay of sowing date，and different cultivars had different responses to the delay of sowing date，the optimum sowing dates of Yugu 17 and Yugu 23 were before June 19，while the optimum sowing dates of Yugu 28 and Yugu 29 were before June 26 and July 3，respectively. On the whole，the suitable sowing date is before June 19 for summer foxtail millet cultivars in Henan Province，and sowing date can be advanced or delayed appropriately according to the cultivar characteristics.

Key words: Sowing date, Foxtail millet cultivars, Dry matter accumulation, Dry matter transportation, Yield

摘要： 为了探明河南省夏播谷子品种的适宜播期，以4 个谷子品种豫谷17、豫谷23、豫谷28、豫谷29为试验材料，设置5个播期（6月11日、6月19日、6月26日、7月3日、7月10日）处理，分析了不同播期下谷子品种的生育期、花前营养器官干物质积累和转运以及产量的变化。结果表明，随着播期的推迟，出苗至抽穗的时间缩短，而抽穗至成熟的时间延长。随着播期的推迟，开花期和成熟期营养器官干质量总体上均呈现先降低后增高的趋势。所有品种前3个播期的花前营养器官总干物质转运量较高，花前各营养器官干物质的转运率总体表现为茎鞘>叶片>茎秆，对籽粒的贡献率正好相反，表现为茎鞘<叶片< 茎秆。不同播期下花前营养器官总干物质转运率介于17.26%～45.83%，总体上随播期推迟呈现先升高后降低的趋势；而花前营养器官总干物质对籽粒的贡献率介于8.83%～25.17%，变化规律不明显。进一步分析发现，谷子穗长和穗粗的差异主要来源于品种差异，受播期的影响较小；而穗粒质量和千粒质量随着播期的推迟，下降趋势明显。4个谷子品种的籽粒产量均随着播期的推迟而降低，不同品种对播期推迟的响应不同，豫谷17、豫谷23的适播期最短，为6月19日之前；豫谷28适播期次之，为6月26日之前；豫谷29的适播期最长，为7月3日之前。综合分析，河南省夏播谷子品种的适宜播期为6月19日之前，可结合品种特性适当提前和推迟。

关键词: 播期, 谷子品种, 干物质积累, 干物质转运, 产量