河南农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 30-42.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.06.004

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

硼、锌、镁肥复配对甜叶菊生长、产量及品质的影响

杨春胤1，马凤捷1，谢忠清1,2，张亚萍1   

  1. （1.甘肃省农业工程技术研究院，甘肃 兰州 730030；2.甘肃-安徽甜叶菊资源评价与综合利用实验室，甘肃 武威 733006）
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-31 接受日期:2024-12-20 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-24
  • 通讯作者: 谢忠清（1967-），男，甘肃民勤人，高级农艺师，本科，主要从事甜叶菊品种选育与栽培研究。E-mail：1072207627@qq.com
  • 作者简介:杨春胤（1994-），男，甘肃渭源人，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事园艺与作物栽培研究。E-mail：1459616371@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目（（22JR11RA280）；甘肃省软科学项目（23JRZH346）；甘肃省知识产权计划-知识产权运用项目（22ZSCQ050）；甘肃省农业工程技术研究院院创基金项目（GNG2022QN06）

Effects of Combined Application of Boron，Zinc，and Magnesium Fertilizers on Growth，Yield and Quality of Stevia rebaudiana

YANG Chunyin1，MA Fengjie1，XIE Zhongqing1,2，ZHANG Yaping1   

  1. （1.Gansu Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Institute，Lanzhou 730030，China；2.Gansu‐Anhui Stevia Resources Evaluation and Comprehensive Utilization Laboratory，Wuwei 733006，China）
  • Received:2024-10-31 Accepted:2024-12-20 Published:2025-06-15 Online:2025-06-24

PDF

摘要： 选择硼、锌、镁肥进行复配，设置16个施肥处理分析了不同处理对甜叶菊农艺性状、生理指标、糖苷含量及产量的影响，为河西地区甜叶菊叶面喷施中微肥提供科学依据。结果表明，T7处理（硼、锌、镁肥施用量分别为7.5、7.5、22.5 kg/hm²）甜叶菊株高最高、分枝数最多，较T16处理（对照，不施用硼、锌、镁肥）分别增加21.2%、92.5%。生物量方面，T4处理（硼、锌、镁肥施用量分别为22.5、7.5、7.5 kg/hm²）茎鲜质量最大，较对照增加116.4%；T7处理叶鲜质量和叶干质量最高，较对照分别增加139.6%和125.1%。生理指标方面，T8处理（硼、锌、镁肥施用量分别为7.5、7.5、7.5 kg/hm²）叶绿素总量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性最高，较对照分别提高18.3%和15.7%。糖苷累积方面，T5处理（硼、锌、镁肥施用量分别为7.5、22.5、22.5 kg/hm²）莱鲍迪苷A（RA）含量最高，较对照增加26.2%；T2处理（硼、锌、镁肥施用量分别为22.5、22.5、7.5 kg/hm²）甜菊苷（Stv）含量最高，较对照增加223.2%；T8处理总糖苷含量最高，较对照增加29.6%；T7处理实现了RA（83.13 g/kg）和Stv（34.20 g/kg）协同高产。产量显示，T7处理产量达11 788.5 kg/hm²，较对照增加125.1%。相关性分析显示，RA含量与叶绿素总量、SOD活性呈显著正相关关系；Stv含量与叶绿素总量、SOD活性呈极显著负相关关系；总糖苷含量与SOD活性呈显著负相关关系；可溶性蛋白含量与叶绿素总量、SOD活性、过氧化物酶（POD）活性呈显著或极显著正相关关系；可溶性糖含量与POD活性呈显著正相关关系。方差分析显示，锌肥、镁肥对RA和Stv含量影响极显著，硼肥、锌肥对株高影响极显著，镁肥对叶绿素总量影响极显著。通过隶属函数法综合评价得出T7处理效果最优，即硼、锌、镁肥施用量分别为7.5、7.5、22.5 kg/hm²时，最有利于促进甜叶菊的生长发育和品质提升。

关键词: 甜叶菊, 硼、锌、镁肥复配, 产量, 品质, 甜菊糖苷

Abstract: Boron，zinc and magnesium fertilizers were selected for compounding，and 16 fertilization treatments were set up to analyze the effects of different treatments on agronomic traits，physiological indexes，glycoside content and yield of Stevia rebaudiana，which would provide scientific basis for spraying medium and micro fertilizers on Stevia rebaudiana leaves in Hexi area.The results showed that T7 treatment（the application amount of boron，zinc and magnesium fertilizers were 7.5，7.5，22.5 kg/ha，respectively）had the highest plant height and the largest number of branches，which were 21.2% and 92.5% higher than those of T16 treatment（control，without boron，zinc and magnesium fertilizers）.In terms of biomass，the stem fresh weight of T4 treatment（the application amount of boron，zinc and magnesium fertilizers were 22.5，7.5 and 7.5 kg/ha，respectively）was the largest，which was 116.4% higher than that of the control.The fresh weight and dry weight of leaves treated with T7 were the highest，which increased by 139.6% and 125.1%，respectively，compared with the control.In terms of physiological indexes，the total chlorophyll content and superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity of T8 treatment（the application rates of boron，zinc and magnesium fertilizers were 7.5，7.5 and 7.5 kg/ha，respectively）were the highest，which were 18. 3% and 15.7% higher than those of the control.In terms of glycoside accumulation，the content of rebaudioside A（RA）in T5 treatment（7.5，22.5，22.5 kg/ha of boron，zinc and magnesium fertilizers，respectively）was the highest，which was 26.2% higher than that of the control. The content of stevioside（Stv） in T2 treatment（boron，zinc，magnesium fertilizer application rates were 22.5，22.5，7.5 kg/ha）was the highest，which was 223.2% higher than that of the control. The total glycoside content of T8 treatment was the highest，which increased by 29.6% compared with the control. T7 treatment achieved synergistic high yield of RA（83.13 g/kg）and Stv（34.20 g/kg）.The yield of T7 treatment reached 11 788.5 kg/ha，which was 125.1% higher than that of the control.Correlation analysis showed that RA content was significantly positively correlated with total chlorophyll content and SOD activity. Stv content was significantly negatively correlated with total chlorophyll content
and SOD activity. There was a significant negative correlation between the content of total glycosides and SOD activity. Soluble protein content was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with total chlorophyll content，SOD activity and peroxidase（POD）activity. There was a significant positive correlation between soluble sugar content and POD activity. Analysis of variance showed that zinc fertilizer and magnesium fertilizer had extremely significant effects on RA and Stv contents，boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer had extremely significant effects on plant height，and magnesium fertilizer had extremely significant effects on total chlorophyll content.Through the comprehensive evaluation of the membership function method，it was concluded that the T7 treatment effect was the best，that was，when the application rates of boron，zinc and magnesium fertilizers were 7.5，7.5 and 22.5 kg/ha respectively，it was most conducive to promoting the growth and quality promotion of Stevia rebaudiana.

Key words: Stevia rebaudiana；Compound fertilizer of boron, zinc and magnesium；Output；Quality；Stevioside

中图分类号: 

豫ICP备14018052号-1
　 网站版权 © 《河南农业科学》编辑部
地址：河南省郑州市花园路116号　邮编：450002　 电话：0371-65739041　 Email：hnnykx@163.com
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发