关键词: 小麦茎基腐病, 假禾谷镰孢菌, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌, 生物防治, 促生, 全基因组测序, 次级代谢产物

Abstract: To explore efficient biocontrol Bacillus resources against wheat crown rot，this study systematically evaluated the antagonistic activity，growth‑promoting and biocontrol functions，pot control efficacy，and genomic characteristics of strain ZM01.The plate confrontation assay showed that ZM01 exhibited an inhibition rate of 68.90% against Fusarium pseudograminearum，the causal agent of wheat crown rot. Functional assays demonstrated that the strain could produce amylase，protease，cellulase，β‑1，3‑glucanase，indole‑3‑acetic acid（IAA），siderophore，and possessed phosphate‑solubilizing ability，indicating both disease prevention and growth‑promoting potential. Pot experiment results revealed that seed soaking with ZM01 significantly alleviated the growth inhibition of wheat seedlings caused by the pathogen，with root length，shoot height，and fresh mass restored to near control levels.It reduced the disease incidence from 90.31% to 29.85% and the disease index from 2. 59 to 0. 56，with the control efficacy reaching 78. 38%. Whole‑genome sequencing showed that ZM01 harbored a circular chromosome of 4 011 152 bp with a GC content of 46.47%，encoding 4 054 predicted genes.Average nucleotide identity（ANI）analysis identified the strain as Bacillus velezensis.A total of 14 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters were predicted in the genome，among which 8 clusters showed high similarity to known antimicrobial substance gene clusters，including fengycin，bacillaene，bacilysin，and macrolactin H.In conclusion，B.velezensis ZM01 demonstrates excellent control efficacy against wheat crown rot and growth‑promoting effects on wheat，and possesses good potential for development as a biocontrol agent，providing strain resources and a theoretical basis for the green management of wheat crown rot.

Key words: Wheat crown rot, Fusarium pseudograminearum, Bacillus velezensis, Biological control, Growth promotion, Whole?genome sequencing, Secondary metabolites