In order to explore the regulation mechanism of Tetrapanax papyriferus on the lactation of mammary glands from the endocrine system,in this study,the mice were perfused with high dose 12 g(crude drug)/mL and low dose 4 g(crude drug)/mL of Tetrapanax papyriferus extracts.The effect of Tetrapanax papyriferus on milk yield of mice in lactation period was detected. The levels of PRL,E₂,P,GH in serum and mammary tissue homogenate of mice were detected by ELISA technology.The protein expression levels of β-casein,PRLR,ERα,ERβ,PR,GHR in mammary tissue were tested by Western blot technology.The results displayed that compared to the control group(the same volume of saline),high dose and low dose of Tetrapanax papyriferus extracts significantly increased the milk yield of mice in lactation period(P<0.05) and obviously promoted the expression of β-casein in mammary gland of mice(P<0.05).The levels of PRL,E₂,GH in serum and mammary tissue of mice were significantly enhanced by Tetrapanax papyriferus extracts (P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the levels of PRL,E₂,and GH in serum of mice in high dose group and low dose group respectively were significantly improved by 112.50%,129.15%,223.48% and 49.84%,68.18%,100.76%.The levels of PRL,E₂,and GH in mammary gland of mice in high dose group and low dose group respectively were obviously increased by 60.68%,269.35%,105.19% and 32.27%,129.03%,53.68%.The protein expression of PRLR,ERα,ERβ and GHR in mammary tissue were also evidently upregulated by high dose and low dose of Tetrapanax papyriferus extracts (P<0.05).However,P in serum and P,PR in mammary tissue were not significantly affected by Tetrapanax papyriferus extracts(P>0.05).This study shows that Tetrapanax papyriferus can promote the lactation of mammary gland by increasing the levels of endocrine hormones related to lactation and up regulating the expression of PRLR,ERα,ERβ and GHR in mammary gland.