Effect of Planting Density on Yield and Canopy Characteristics of New Maize Variety Zhengdan 901 for Grain and Silage

XUE Huazheng, GU Limin, XIA Laikun, MU Xinyuan, LIU Kang, HAN Xiaohua, TANG Baojun, ZHOU Bo

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.12.004

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences >

2019 , Vol. 48 >Issue 12: 23 - 29

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.12.004

Crop Cultivation & Genetic Breeding

Effect of Planting Density on Yield and Canopy Characteristics of New Maize Variety Zhengdan 901 for Grain and Silage

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(1.Cereal Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luohe 462000,China)

Received date: 2019-07-23

Online published: 2019-12-15

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Abstract

In order to determine the optimum planting density of new maize variety Zhengdan 901 for grain and silage,the effects of planting density on canopy structure,grain yield and silage biological yield of Zhengdan 901 were evaluated in this study. The results indicated that the ear height and plant height of Zhengdan 901 increased accompanying with the increasement of planting density from 4.5×10⁴ plants/ha to 9.0×10⁴plants/ha,however,which were decreased significantly when the planting density was over 9.0×10⁴ plants/ha,and the sensitivity of ear height to planting density was higher than that of plant height.The uniformity of plant height and ear height increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of planting density,which reached the maximum at 9.0×10⁴ plants/ha.The canopy structure of Zhengdan 901 was significantly affected by planting density.For every 1.5×10⁴ plants/ha of planting density in creased,the leaf area index of ear layer and bottom layer increased by 0.18—0.27 and 0.14—0.35,respectively,the light transmittance ratio decreased by 2.7%—4.1% and 2.7%—4.0%,respectively,and the leaf obliquity increased by 3.1°—7.0° and 6.1°—11.0°,respectively.Grain yield,silage dry weight and silage fresh weight increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density.When the planting density was 7.5×10⁴ plants/ ha,the grain yield was the highest;when the density was increased within 4.5×10⁴—9.0×10⁴ plants/ha,the decreasing amplitude of the number of grain per ear was greater than that of 100-grain weight;when the planting density was higher than 9. 0×10⁴plants/ha,the decreasing amplitude of 100-grain weight was higher than that of the number of grains per ear. When the planting density was 9.0×10⁴plants/ha,the silage dry weight and silage fresh weight were the highest.In summary,with moderate ear height and plant height,highest uniformity,and optimal canopy characteristic,the plants in 7.5×10⁴ plants/ha obtained the highest grain yield.The highest silage dry weight and silage fresh weight were obtained in 9.0×10⁴ plants/ha.In field production,the optimal planting density should be decided according to the purpose for grain or silage,to obtain the highest yield.

Key words： Grain and silage maize; Planting density; Canopy; Grain yield; Silage fresh weight; Uniformity;Leaf area index; Light transmittance ratio

Cite this article

XUE Huazheng, GU Limin, XIA Laikun, MU Xinyuan, LIU Kang, HAN Xiaohua, TANG Baojun, ZHOU Bo . Effect of Planting Density on Yield and Canopy Characteristics of New Maize Variety Zhengdan 901 for Grain and Silage[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2019 , 48(12) : 23 -29 . DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.12.004

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