Abstract: Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of eight different soil conditioners（lime，commercial mineral‑based soil conditioner and self‑developed soil conditioners No.1—6）on the quality of acidified sandy ginger black soil，the growth and nutrient absorption of wheat（Triticum aestivum L.），in order to provide a basis for acidified soil remediation and soil conditioners creation. Using wheat as the test crop，nine treatments were set up：control（no soil conditioner application），lime，commercial mineral‑based soil conditioner，soil conditioners No.1（glauber’s salt+manure），No.2（plant ash+manure），No.3（plant ash+manure+potassium fulvate +microbial inoculum+synergist），No.4（silicon‑rich clay mineral+humic acid organic fertilizer+microbial inoculum），No.5（silicon‑rich clay mineral+biochar+seaweed organic fertilizer），No.6（silicon‑rich clay mineral+biochar+humic acid organic fertilizer）.The differences among different treatments in population dynamics，photosynthetic characteristics，yield and composition factors，nutrient absorption of wheat and soil physicochemical properties after harvest were analyzed. The results showed that，compared with the control without the application of soil conditioners，except for the lime treatment，tiller number at the maturity stage and spike formation rate of wheat under the treatments of other soil conditioners were increased by 5.7%—30.7% and 30.0%—82.7%，respectively.The application of different soil conditioners increased the net photosynthetic rate，yield，and nitrogen accumulation of wheat at the flowering stage by 5.4%—68.6%，19.6%—69.0% and 38.1%—120.7%，respectively，with relatively larger increasing temperature of soil conditioners No.1 and No.4，especially the latter，which also led to a significant increase in phosphorus and potassium accumulation. After wheat harvest，the soil pH value under the treatments of soil conditioners No.4，5，6 were raised by 0.36，0.55，1.15，respectively，and available potassium contents were increased by 14.4%，34.3%，45.4%，but alkalized‑nitrogen content reduced. Soil moisture contents in the soil layer of 0—20 cm and 20—40 cm treated with lime were increased by 45.3% and 36.1%，respectively，and water use efficiency（WUE）of wheat at the flowering stage was raised by 44.8%.Soil conditioner No. 1 significantly reduced the soil moisture content of the 0—40 cm soil layer and WUE of wheat at the regreening stage，but raised soil pH value slightly. In summary，under the conditions of this experiment，the application of soil conditioners No.1，4，5 had relatively good effects on increasing yield and improving soil quality，and they were recommended to use in the improvement of acidified sandy ginger black soil in southern Henan and the creation of new products.

Key words: Soil conditioner, Acidified sandy ginger black soil, Wheat（Triticum aestivum L.）, Nutrient absorption, Yield

摘要： 采用大田试验，研究了8种不同土壤调理剂（生石灰、商品矿物源土壤调理剂、自主研发的1—6号土壤调理剂）对酸化砂姜黑土质量及小麦生长和养分吸收的影响，以期为豫南酸化土壤改良和土壤调理剂创制提供依据。以小麦为供试作物，共设置9个处理：以不施土壤调理剂对照，设置使用生石灰、商品矿物源土壤调理剂、1号土壤调理剂（元明粉+厩肥）、2号土壤调理剂（草木灰+厩肥）、3号土壤调理剂（草木灰+厩肥+黄腐酸钾+微生物菌剂+增效剂）、4号土壤调理剂（富硅黏土矿物+腐植酸有机肥+微生物菌剂）、5号土壤调理剂（富硅黏土矿物+生物炭+海藻生物有机肥）、6号土壤调理剂（富硅黏土矿物+生物炭+腐植酸有机肥）等处理，分析不同处理小麦群体动态、光合特性、产量及构成因子、养分吸收和收获后土壤理化性质的差异。结果表明，与不施土壤调理剂对照相比，除生石灰处理外，其余土壤调理剂处理的小麦成熟期群体数和成穗率分别增加5.7%~30.7%和30.0%~82.7%。施用不同土壤调理剂小麦扬花期净光合速率、产量和植株氮积累量分别增加5.4%~68.6%、19.6%~69.0%和38.1%~120.7%，整体上以1号和4号土壤调理剂增幅较大，尤其后者，其磷钾积累量也显著提高。4、5、6号土壤调理剂处理的小麦收获后土壤pH值分别增加0.36、0.55、1.15，速效钾含量分别增加14.4%、34.3%、45.4%，但土壤碱解氮含量有所降低。生石灰处理的0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤含水率分别提高45.3%、36.1%，扬花期小麦水分利用效率（WUE）提高44.8%。1号土壤调理剂处理0~40 cm土层含水量和返青期小麦WUE均显著降低，土壤pH值略有升高。综上，以1、4、5号土壤调理剂增产改土效果相对较好，建议用于豫南酸化砂姜黑土改良和新产品创制。

关键词: 土壤调理剂, 酸化砂姜黑土, 小麦, 养分吸收, 产量