为全面了解太湖鹅品种在江苏省保种效果动态变化过程，并与浙江省太湖鹅的保种情况进行比较，采用简化基因组测序方法对江苏太湖鹅群体（TS、TC、TK）以及浙江太湖鹅群体（TZ）的群体遗传参数进行系统比较分析。结果发现，与前2个世代相比，由于采用了严格的家系等量随机选配法以及适当进行种群间种用个体的相互引进，TC、TK群体近交系数分别下降到0.087 5和0.075 3；遗传结构分析和主成分分析均表明，TZ群体独立于其他3个群体之外，且出现明显分化，TZ群体与TS群体的遗传分化系数（Fst）达到了0.051 5，近交系数为0.110 7，明显高于江苏省太湖鹅群体。TZ群体与TS群体的选择信号分析发现，脂肪酸代谢相关通路的基因受到了选择。以上结果表明，江苏省太湖鹅群体保种效果较好，家系等量随机选配法以及适当血缘交换可以避免近交系数上升。
In order to fully understand the dynamic change process of breed conservation effect of Taihu goose in Jiangsu Province and compare with that in Zhejiang Province,the genetic parameters of Taihu goose populations in Jiangsu (TS,TC,TK) and Zhejiang Province (TZ) were analyzed by simplified genome sequencing.The results showed that compared with the previous two generations,the inbreeding coefficients of TC and TK populations decreased to 0.087 5 and 0.075 3,respectively,due to the using of strict stemma equimultiple random select cross method and appropriate introduction of breeding-use individuals between different populations;the genetic structure analysis and principal component analysis showed that TZ population was independent of the other three populations,and differentiated significantly.The genetic differentiation coefficient(Fst) of TZ and TS population reached 0.051 5,and the inbreeding coefficient was 0.110 7,which was significantly higher than that of populations in Jiangsu Province.The selection signature analysis of TZ and TS population showed that the genes for fatty acid metabolism related pathway were selected.The results showed that the effect of Taihu goose population conservation was better in Jiangsu Province,and the increase of inbreeding coefficient could be avoided by stemma equimultiple random select cross method and appropriate blood exchange.
