为解决烤烟化学品质传统评价方法的不足，探讨利用变权思想对化学品质进行评价。以南阳市6个主产烤烟县区的烤烟烟叶为研究对象，采用e^0/5～e^8/5标度层次分析法确定常权，选取局部惩罚型状态变权向量，建立基于变权理论的烤烟化学品质评价模型。结果表明，e^0/5～e^8/5标度层次分析法所获得的化学成分权重较1~9标度更精确，变权评价方法的6个植烟县烤烟化学成分优劣排序为西峡＞唐河＞社旗＞方城＞邓州＞内乡；常权排序为西峡＞社旗＞唐河＞方城＞邓州＞内乡。不同植烟县变权评价结果值低于常权，变权评价结果更符合实际。表明，采用变权评价方法可以更好地满足化学品质中需要凸显较差化学成分的消极作用和整体均衡性的要求。

In order to solve the shortage of traditional evaluation method of flue-cured tobacco chemical quality,the evaluation of chemical quality with variable weight was discussed.Taking flue-cured tobacco of 6 main producing counties in Nanyang as the research object,the normal weight was determined by e^0/5—e^8/5 scale analytic hierarchy process,and the variable weight vector of local punishment state was selected to establish the chemical quality evaluation model of flue-cured tobacco based on the variable weight theory.The results showed that the chemical composition weights obtained by e^0/5 —e^8/5 scale analytic method were more precise than that by 1—9 scale.The rank of the chemical constituents of the six counties by the variable weight evaluation method was Xixia>Tanghe>Sheqi>Fangcheng>Dengzhou>Neixiang; which by normal weight evaluation method was Xixia>Sheqi>Tanghe>Fangcheng>Dengzhou>Neixiang.The evaluation results of variable weight in different counties were lower than that of normal weight,which was more tally with the actual situation.The results showed that the variable weight evaluation method could better meet the requirements of highlighting the negative effects of poor chemical components and the integral proportionality in chemical quality.