为充分开发利用菌糠资源及修复重金属污染土壤，以猴头菇菌糠为原料制备生物炭，采用甜菜盆栽试验，研究不同用量(0.5%、1.0%、2.0%，风干土质量百分比)菌糠生物炭对污灌区土壤理化性质及Cu形态、甜菜生长、抗逆性酶活性、Cu吸收的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，随着生物炭施用量的增加，土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均逐渐增加，施用量在2.0%时分别增加了28.7%、17.1%、45.8%、174.1%；土壤过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶活性大体上呈增加趋势，施用量在2.0%时分别增加了1.5%、16.0%、24.3%、6.9%，过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性增加不显著。对于Cu形态，与CK（不添加生物炭）相比，不同施用量的菌糠生物炭均降低了弱酸提取态、可还原态Cu含量，增加了可氧化态、残渣态Cu含量，Cu的形态变化以可还原态的减少和残渣态的增加为主，施用量在2.0%时可还原态和残渣态Cu变化幅度分别为34.6%、24.8%。施用菌糠生物炭可以促进甜菜的生长，以1.0%生物炭施用量为最佳；与CK相比，不同处理甜菜中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量均下降；甜菜地上部和根系Cu吸收量均显著减少。综合分析，施用菌糠生物炭可提升土壤有机质和速效养分含量，促进土壤酶活性的普遍提升，减轻甜菜重金属胁迫，促进甜菜的生长，促进Cu向残渣态转化，其中施用量2.0%时效果最佳。

In order to fully exploit and spent mushroom substrate resources and remediate heavy metalpolluted soil,biochars were prepared from spent Hericium capitatum substrate,sugar beet pot experiment was used,and the effects of different dosages(0.5%,1.0%,2.0%,percentage of air-dried soil mass) of spent mushroom substrate biochars on soil physical and chemical properties,Cu form,beet growth,stressresistant enzyme activity and Cu absorption in sewage irrigation areas were studied.The results showed that, compared with CK, the contents of soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available
phosphorus and available potassium increased gradually with the increase of biochar application amount,and increased by 28.7%, 17.1%, 45.8%, 174.1% when the spent mushroom substrate biochars application amount was 2.0%; the activities of soil catalase,alkaline phosphatase,sucrase and urease showed an increasing trend in general,and increased by 1.5%,16.0%,24.3%,6.9% when the spent mushroom substrate biochars application amount was 2.0%, catalase and urease activities increased insignificantly.For Cu form,compared with CK(without biochar),different dosages of spent mushroom substrate biochar reduced the contents of Cu in the weak acid extraction state and the reducible state,and increased the contents of Cu in the oxidizable state and the residual state.The morphological changes of Cu were mainly the decrease of reducible state and the increase of residue state. When the application amount was 2.0%,the changes of reducible state and residue state of Cu were 34.6% and 24.8%,respectively. The application of spent mushroom substrate biochar could promote the growth of sugar beet,with 1 0% as the best application amount; compared with CK,the activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,catalase and malondialdehyde content in sugar beet of different treatments were all decreased;the uptake of Cu in the overground and root system of sugar beet was significantly reduced. Comprehensive analysis showed that the application of spent mushroom substrate biochar could enhance the contents of soil organic matter and avaliable nutrients,promote the general promotion of soil enzyme activity,alleviate the heavy metal stress of sugar beet,promote the growth of sugar beet and the transformation of Cu into residual state,among which the effect was the best when the application amount was 2.0%.