解磷微生物（Phosphatesolubilizing microorganism,PSM）作为改善作物磷供应的一类重要植物促生菌，不仅可以提高土壤中有效磷的利用率、增加农作物的产量，还能有效减少土壤的磷素流失。不良环境PSM特指具有不良环境适应性的PSM，对目前研究最为广泛的耐高温、耐寒、耐盐3种不良环境PSM的研究现状进行总结，并对其在农业生产、固废利用、生态治理等领域的应用进行阐述。针对不良环境PSM的各研究热点，剖析现阶段研究中存在的不足，结合目前组学技术、全基因组以及宏转录组技术的发展,为对不良环境PSM的选育及作用机制研究提供新思路，对未来可开发利用的不良环境PSM进行了展望，为进一步对不良环境微生物的深入研究提供理论基础。

Phosphate-solubilizing microorganism (PSM) is a kind of important plant growth promoting bacteria that could improve phosphorus supply of crops,which not only could increase the utilization rate of phosphorus in soil and improve the yield of crops,but also could effectively reduce the loss of phosphorus in soil.PSMs in bad environments particularly refered to the PSMs that have adaptability to bad environments.A comprehensive review of the current research situations of the most frequently studied PSMs in bad environments was given,including high-temperature-tolerant,cold-tolerant and salt-tolerant PSMs.The application of these PSMs in the fields among agricultural production,solid waste utilization and ecological governance was elaborated,the research highlights of PSMs in bad environments at the current stage were emphatically analyzed,and the deficiency of present research on PSMs was expounded. In particular,new research ideas for the breeding and action mechanism of PSMs with the current omics,genome-wide and metatranscriptomics technologies,and the prospects of PSMs in bad environments for development and utilization were put forward,to provide a theoretical basis for further research on microorganisms in bad environments was forecasted.