对贵州、四川等省242份小麦材料在田间成株期进行抗条锈病鉴定，并利用5个已知抗条锈基因（Yr5、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18、Yr26）的分子标记对其进行检测，以期明确小麦材料的条锈病抗性水平和抗病基因类型，为科学合理利用小麦优异抗病材料奠定基础。结果表明，242份小麦材料经田间鉴定，成株期表现抗病的材料有116份，其中表现为免疫、近免疫、高抗和中抗的材料分别为11份、27份、41份和37份，分别占供试材料的4.54%、11.16%、16.94%和15.29%；表现为慢锈的材料仅有1份，占0.41%；表现中感和高感的材料有125份，占51.65%。经分子检测，供试材料中59份携带Yr26基因，13份含有Yr18基因，21份含有Yr15基因，14份含有Yr10基因，52份含有Yr5基因。其中，贵农19号等39份材料同时含有2个抗性基因；贵农775、贵协3号等7份材料携带3个抗性基因；80F-1-4-2含有4个抗性基因；其余抗性材料未检测到上述Yr基因，可能含有其他未检测的抗病基因。

Two hundred and forty-two wheat germplasms from Guizhou,Sichuan and other places were collected,the adult-plant resistance to stripe rust was identified in the field,and five known resistance genes(Yr5,Yr10,Yr15,Yr18,Yr26) markers were used to detect the materials,so as to determine the stripe rust resistance level and type of disease-resistant genes of wheat germplasms,which would lay the foundation for the scientific and reasonable use of excellent disease-resistant wheat germplasms.The results showed that 116 wheat germplasms at adult stage displayed resistance to stripe rust among 242 wheat germplasms,including 11 germplasms were immune,27 germplasms were nearly immune,41 germplasms were highly resistant and 37 germplasms were moderately resistant to stripe rust,which accounted for 4.54%,11.16%,16.94% and 15.29% of the germplasms,respectively;only one germplasm exhibited slow rust,accounting for 0.41%;125 germplasms exhibited medium sensitivity and high sensitivity,accounting for 51.65%.Molecular detection result showed that,59 germplasms carried Yr26,13 contained Yr18,21 contained Yr15,14 contained Yr10,and 52 contained Yr5.There were 39 germplasms containing 2 resistant genes,such as Guinong No.19;7 germplasms carried 3 resistant genes,such as Guinong 775 and Guixie No.3;80F-1-4-2 contained 4 resistant genes.The above Yr genes were not detected in the remaining disease resistant germplasms,which might carry other undetected disease resistant genes.