为了筛选出解钾活性较强的细菌，缓解土壤缺钾状况，从森林土壤中分离筛选到5株解钾活性较强的钾细菌SK1-7、SK2-3、SK2-7、SK3-3、SK3-10。经形态学、生理生化比较及16S rRNA序列分析，将SK1-7鉴定为阿氏芽孢杆菌（Bacillus aryabhattai），SK2-3为黏着剑菌（Ensifer adhaerens），SK2-7为新加坡克雷伯氏菌（Klebsiella singaporensis），SK3-3为黄杆菌（Microbacterium maritypicum），SK3-10为解鸟氨酸拉乌尔菌（Raoultella ornithinolytica）。5株钾细菌在解钾培养基中培养7 d后，发酵滤液中钾离子含量分别为42.70、50.40、49.70、41.50、45.23 μg/mL，且pH值也大幅度降低。5株钾细菌对番茄的促生长试验表明，SK1-7、SK2-3、SK2-7发酵滤液能促进番茄种子发芽率的显著或极显著提高。SK1-7、SK2-3、SK2-7菌株处理番茄植株40 d后，番茄的株高、鲜质量和干质量均有所增加。生物活性差异检测显示，5株钾细菌均能分泌生长素；SK2-7和SK3-10发酵液具有抑菌作用；SK1-7具有分泌蛋白酶能力。

In order to screen bacteria with strong potassium-dissolving activity, and to alleviate soil potassium deficiency, five strains of potassium bacteria ( SK1-7, SK2-3, SK2-7, SK3-3, SK3-10) with strong potassium-dissolving activity were isolated and screened from forest soil. SK1-7,SK2-3,SK2-7,SK3-3, SK3-10 were identified as Bacillus aryabhattai, Ensifer adhaerens, Klebsiella singaporensis,Microbacterium maritypicum and Raoultella ornithinolytica respectively by morphological,physiological and biochemical experiments and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Potassium ion contents in fermentation filtrate of the 5 strains of potassium-solubilizing bacteria were 42.70,50.40,49.70,41.50,45.23 μg/mL,respectively after 7 days of incubation in the medium,and the pH values of fermentation filtrate were also significantly reduced. The growth-promoting test of 5 strains of potassium-solubilizing bacteria on tomato showed that,the fermentation filtrate of SK1-7,SK2-3,SK2-7 could improve the germination rate of tomato seeds significantly or extreme significantyl.Tomato plant height,fresh weight and dry weight increased after treatment of tomato plants with SK1-7,SK2-3,SK2-7 for 40 d.Biological activity difference tests showed that 5 strains of potassium-solubilizing bacteria could secrete IAA;the fermentation filtrate of SK2-7 and SK3-10 had antibacterial effects;SK1-7 exhibited stronger ability of secreting protease.