外源Si、NO对铜胁迫下小麦幼苗根系生长及光合作用的影响

张黛静; 杨惠荔; 马建辉; 骆婷婷; 朱群英; 李春喜

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.12.006

河南农业科学 >

2019 , Vol. 48 >Issue 12: 37 - 43

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.12.006

作物栽培·遗传育种

外源Si、NO对铜胁迫下小麦幼苗根系生长及光合作用的影响

张黛静 ,
杨惠荔 ,
马建辉 ,
骆婷婷 ,
朱群英 ,
李春喜

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(河南师范大学生命科学学院，河南新乡 453000)

张黛静（1974-），女，河南新乡人，副教授，博士，主要从事小麦栽培生理研究。E-mail:zdjdai@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-06-20

网络出版日期: 2019-12-15

基金资助

“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0300703，2017YFD0301101，2013BAD07B14）

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Effects of Exogenous Silicon and Nitric Oxide on Root Growth and Photosynthesis of Wheat Seedling under Copper Stress

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(College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453000,China)

Received date: 2019-06-20

Online published: 2019-12-15

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摘要

采用水培法，研究不同外源物质硅（Si）、一氧化氮（NO）对铜（Cu）胁迫下小麦幼苗根系生长、叶片叶绿素含量及最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）的影响，以期为土壤Cu污染的防治提供理论依据。结果表明，Cu胁迫处理后，小麦幼苗根长、根表面积、根体积、根系活力、叶绿素含量和Fv/Fm均降低，且处理时间越长降幅越大，但根直径先降低后增加。根系Cu 、Si、铁（Fe）含量增加，但钙（Ca）、钾（K）、镁（Mg）、钠（Na）、锰（Mn）、锌（Zn）含量降低。与Cu处理相比，添加Si、NO总体上提高了小麦幼苗的根系活力、长度、表面积、体积以及叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm、营养元素（Ca、K、Mg、Na、Fe、Mn、Zn、Si）的含量，但小麦幼苗的根直径随处理时间延长先升高后降低，提高了小麦对Cu胁迫的耐受能力。此外，Mg含量与Mn、Zn含量及Si含量与Na含量均呈极显著正相关，Cu含量与Mg、Mn含量均呈极显著负相关，表明这些元素间存在协同或拮抗作用。综上，外源Si、NO均能够在一定程度上缓解重金属Cu胁迫对小麦幼苗造成的伤害，且Si的缓解效果强于NO。

关键词： 小麦; 铜胁迫; 硅; 一氧化氮; 根系; 光合作用

本文引用格式

张黛静 , 杨惠荔 , 马建辉 , 骆婷婷 , 朱群英 , 李春喜 . 外源Si、NO对铜胁迫下小麦幼苗根系生长及光合作用的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2019 , 48(12) : 37 -43 . DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.12.006

Abstract

The effects of silicon(Si) and nitric oxide(NO) on root growth,chlorophyll content and maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm) of wheat seedlings under copper(Cu)stress were studied by hydroponics method,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of soil Cu pollution.The results showed that the root length,root surface area,root volume,root activity,chlorophyll content and Fv/Fm of wheat seedlings all decreased after Cu stress treatment,and the decrease extent increased with treating time,but the root diameter decreased first and then increased.The contents of Cu,Si and iron(Fe) increased,but the contents of calcium(Ca),potassium(K),magnesium(Mg),sodium(Na),manganese(Mn) and zinc(Zn) decreased.Compared with Cu treatment,the addition of Si and NO overall increased the wheat seedling root activity,length,surface area,volume and the chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm,nutrient elements(Ca,Mg,K,Na,Fe,Mn,Zn,Si) contents,but the root diameter of wheat seedlings increased first and then decreased,which indicated that Si and NO increased the tolerance of wheat to Cu stress.In addition,the content of Mg was significantly positively correlated with contents of Mn and Zn,and so was the contents of Si and Na,but the contents of Cu was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of Mg and Mn,indicating that these elements had synergistic or antagonistic effects.In conclusion,both exogenous Si and NO could alleviate the damage caused by Cu stress to wheat seedlings to a certain extent,and the mitigation effect of Si was stronger than NO.

Key words： Wheat; Copper stress; Silicon; Nitric oxide; Root; Photosynthesis

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