Screening and Evaluation of Maize Varieties with High Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Huang‑Huai‑Hai Region

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.10.002

Abstract

Abstract: Forty‑one summer maize varieties，which are composed of the main varieties and the varieties that will be spread in the future in maize production in Huang‑Huai‑Hai region，were selected as experimental materials.Two nitrogen（N）rates of 225 kg/ha（normal N rate）and 180 kg/ha（reducing 20% of normal N rate）were set up.The grain yields and N efficiencies of different maize varieties were analyzed under different N rates，maize varieties were divided into different types according to yield and N efficiencies，and maize varieties with high yield and N use efficiency were selected，so as to lay the foundation for reducing N fertilizer and increasing N use efficiency and protecting environment during maize production.The results indicated that Jingke 999（JK999）got the highest yield under the two N rates，and Zhongyu 303（ZY303）had higher yield. Shengyuan 96（SY96）got the lowest yield of 8.74 t/ha under normal N rate，while Longdan 639（LD639）got the lowest yield of 7.68 t/ha under reducing 20% of normal N rate.Cluster analysis showed that JK999 and ZY303 were the high‑yield varieties. The variation trend of N efficiency was consistent with yield of maize varieties under different N rates. The nitrogen efficiency classification result showed that，17 varieties including JK999 and ZY303 were high N efficiency type under both low and high N rates，5 varieties including Denghai 717（DH1717）and Youdi 919（YD919）were high N efficiency type under high N rate，5 varieties including Zhengdan 958（ZD958） and Jingnongke 728（JNK728）were high N efficiency type under low N rate. By considering the nitrogen efficiency and yield，JK999 and ZY303 could be used in large area as high‑yield and ‑N use efficiency varieties.

Key words: Maize variety, High yield, High nitrogen efficiency, Screening, Huang-Huai-Hai region

摘要： 选用黄淮海地区主推或有望在未来玉米生产中大面积推广种植的41个玉米品种作为研究对象，在田间设置225 kg/hm²（正常施氮量）和180 kg/hm²（减氮20%）2个施氮水平，研究各品种在不同施氮量下的产量和氮效率，并对其进行产量和氮效率类型的划分，筛选高产氮高效玉米品种，为玉米生产减氮增效和保护生态环境奠定基础。结果表明，不同施氮量下，均以京科999产量最高，中玉303也表现较好。正常施氮量下以省原96产量最低，为8.74 t/hm²；减氮20%下，以陇单639产量最低，为7.68 t/hm²。聚类分析表明，京科999和中玉303属于高产品种。各玉米品种在不同施氮量下的氮效率变化趋势与产量一致。根据玉米氮效率类型划分结果，筛选出京科999和中玉303等17个双高效型（高氮低氮高效型）品种，登海1717和优迪919等5个高氮高效型品种，郑单958和京农科728等5个低氮高效型品种。综合考虑氮效率和产量表现，京科999和中玉303可以作为高产氮高效玉米品种在生产上进行大面积推广种植。

关键词: 玉米品种, 高产, 氮高效, 筛选, 黄淮海地区

CLC Number:

S513

张盼盼, 李志源, 刘京宝, 黄璐, 乔江方, 李川, 张美微, 刘锋. 黄淮海地区高产氮高效玉米品种的筛选与评价[J]. 河南农业科学, 2021, 50(10): 10-17.

Figures/Tables 6

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