Abstract: In order to research the law of water demand of walnut under micro-spray irrigation at semi-arid region of Shanxi,and plan rational irrigation schedule,taking ten-year-old Xiangling walnut as materials,the dynamic change of soil moisture in walnut root zone under different irrigation amountin the semi-arid area of Lüliang Mountain under the condition of micro-irrigation was explored and effects of different irrigation amount on growth,water consumption and yield during the whole growth period were studied.The results of field experiments showed that the new shoot length,leaf area,fruit longitudinal,transverse diameters and yield increased with the increase of irrigation quantity,but the rate of increase was reduced. When the irrigation water quantity was 120 m³/ha,the irrigation capacity could meet the water demand of walnut and get high yield and improve water efficiency.The total water consumption during the whole growth period increased with the increase of irrigation water.The water consumption intensity at the bud period was the largest,the fruit expansion period was the critical water demand period,and hard-core period was the maximum period of walnut water demand. Under the conditions,the micro-irrigation schedules for walnut were:irrigation quota of 120 m³/ha and irrigation frequency of 5 times,with one time at the flowering period,hard-core period,and oil conversion period respectively and two times at the fruit expansion period.

Key words: Irrigation amount, Micro-irrigation, Growth, Walnut, Water consumption, Yield

摘要： 为了明确山西省半干旱区微灌条件下核桃不同生育期对水分的需求规律，以制订合理的灌溉制度，以10年生香玲为试材，探讨微灌条件下吕梁山区半干旱区不同灌水量处理的土壤剖面水分动态，分析不同灌水量对核桃生长特性、耗水规律及产量的影响。结果表明，核桃新梢长度、叶面积、果实纵横径及产量随灌水量的增加而增大，但各指标增幅降低；灌水定额为120 m³/hm²时，水分入渗深度可满足核桃根系耗水需求，产量和水分生产效率最优。全生育期耗水总量随灌水量增加而增加，萌芽期耗水强度最大，果实膨大期为需水关键期，硬核期为耗水量最大期。综上，半干旱区核桃适宜的灌溉制度为灌水定额120 m³/hm²，生育期灌溉5次，其中开花期、硬核期、油脂转化期各灌溉1次，果实膨大期灌溉2次。

关键词: 灌水量, 微灌, 生长, 核桃, 耗水量, 产量