河南农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 15-21.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.04.003

所属专题: 稻田生态种养专题

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期稻虾共作模式对不同施氮量下直播水稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响

彭成林1,2,袁家富1,3,贾平安4,佀国涵1,徐祥玉1,赵书军1,李金华4   

  1. 1.湖北省农业科学院 植保土肥研究所,湖北 武汉 430064;2.长江大学 主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心,湖北荆州 434025;3.农业部潜江农业环境与耕地保育科学观测试验站,湖北潜江 433116;4.潜江市农业技术推广中心,湖北潜江 433100)
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-27 出版日期:2020-04-15 发布日期:2020-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 佀国涵(1981-),男,河南濮阳人,副研究员,博士,主要从事土壤肥力与养分循环研究。E-mail:siguoh@qq.com
  • 作者简介:彭成林(1977-),男,湖北松滋人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事农业生态及水稻栽培技术研究。E-mail:chlpeng@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301400,2016YFD0200807,2018YFD0301301);湖北省农业科学院重大科技成果培育课题(2017CGPY01);湖北省第二批现代农业产业技术体系稻田综合种养项目

Effects of Long-term Integrated Rice-crayfish Model on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Direct-seeding Rice under Different Nitrogen Application Rates

PENG Chenglin1,2,YUAN Jiafu1,3,JIA Ping’an4,SI Guohan1,XU Xiangyu1,ZHAO Shujun1,LI Jinhua4   

  1. (1. Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizers,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;2.Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;3.Qianjiang Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Environment and Arable Land Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture,Qianjiang 433116,China;4.Qianjiang Agro-Technology Extension Center,Qianjiang 433100,China)
  • Received:2019-09-27 Published:2020-04-15 Online:2020-04-15

摘要: 以水稻单作模式为对照,研究了长期稻虾共作模式对不同施氮量下直播水稻产量及氮肥利用效率的影响,以期明确2种模式下的最佳施氮量。结果表明,相对于水稻单作模式,长期稻虾共作模式水稻产量增加16.3%,且主要是通过增加有效穗数来实现的;长期稻虾共作模式的氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率以及氮肥表观利用率分别提高了15.3%、7.6%和22.7%;采用线性+平台模型确定在长期稻虾共作模式和水稻单作模式下直播水稻氮肥合理用量分别为102.4 kg/hm2和139.6 kg/hm2,长期稻虾共作模式的直播水稻合理施氮量较水稻单作模式降低了26.6%。由此可见,长期稻虾共作模式能够大幅增加水稻产量,提高氮肥利用效率。

关键词:

Abstract: The effects of long-term integrated rice-crayfish model(CR) on the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of direct seeding rice under different nitrogen application rates were studied with monoculture mode of rice(MR) as control,and the best nitrogen application rates were determined under the two modes.The results showed that compared with MR model,the rice yield of CR model increased by 16.3%,which was mainly achieved by increasing the effective spike number.The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer,agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and the apparent use efficiency of nitrogen increased by 15.3%,
7.6% and 22.7% under CR model compared with those under MR models respectively.The rational nitrogen fertilizer amounts for the direct-seeding rice determined by linear+platform model were 102.4 kg/ha and 139.6 kg/ha under CR and MR models respectively.The nitrogen fertilizer amount of the direct-seeding rice under CR model decreased by 26.6% compared with that under MR model.Therefore,the longterm CR model could significantly increase rice yield,reduce the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer and improve the use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer.

Key words:  , Integrated rice-crayfish model, Direct seeding rice, Grain yield, Nitrogen use efficiency, Nitrogen application rate

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