河南农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 150-158.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.02.020

• 畜牧·兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

山楂和黄芪对围产期奶牛血液生化指标和免疫指标的影响

刘国林,陶金忠,白玲荣,李向龙,陈永宏,张萌,罗芳,李亚超,郭延生   

  1. (宁夏大学 农学院,宁夏 银川 750021)
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-26 出版日期:2020-02-15 发布日期:2020-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 陶金忠(1977-),男,甘肃天水人,教授,博士,主要从事奶牛遗传育种研究。E-mail:tao_jz@nxu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘国林(1994-),男,云南丽江人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:反刍动物生产系统与工程。E-mail:1941509476@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31660731)

Effects of Hawthorn and Astragalus on Blood Biochemical and Immunological Indexes of Dairy Cows during Perinatal Period

LIU Guolin,TAO Jinzhong,BAI Lingrong,LI Xianglong,CHEN Yonghong,ZHANG Meng,LUO Fang,LI Yachao,GUO Yansheng   

  1. (School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)
  • Received:2019-08-26 Published:2020-02-15 Online:2020-02-15

摘要: 为研究山楂和黄芪对围产期奶牛能量负平衡和免疫功能的影响,测定了日粮中添加不同剂量的山楂和黄芪后奶牛血液生化指标和免疫指标的变化。选择2~4胎次健康围产期(产前21 d—产后21 d)荷斯坦奶牛45头,随机分成A组、B组和C组。A组饲喂基础日粮,B组和C组分别在基础日粮中添加100 g/(头•d)和300 g/(头•d)山楂和黄芪(山楂与黄芪1∶1)。分别在产前21 d(-21 d)、产前7 d(-7 d)、分娩当天(0 d)、产后7 d(+7 d)和产后21 d(+21 d)尾静脉采血,制备血浆,测定各组奶牛血液生化指标和免疫指标的变化。结果显示,与A组相比,蛋白质指标方面,+21 d时,B组总蛋白含量极显著升高44.10%,球蛋白含量极显著升高66.16%;钙磷指标方面,+7 d时,B组钙含量极显著升高47.28%,+21 d时,钙含量显著升高41.67%、磷含量极显著升高33.57%;脂肪指标方面,+7 d时,C组非酯化脂肪酸含量显著下降27.16%,+21 d时,B组极显著下降34.38%;能量指标方面,0 d时,B组和C组葡萄糖含量分别显著升高24.49%和23.72%,+21 d时,B组酮体含量显著下降25.93 %;免疫指标方面,-7 d、0 d、+7 d和+21 d时,B组和C组免疫球蛋白G含量显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),B组肿瘤坏死因子α含量显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。综上,围产期奶牛日粮中添加100 g/(头•d)山楂和黄芪(1∶1)时能调节产后奶牛脂类、蛋白质和钙磷代谢,减轻产后能量负平衡,降低产后酮体水平,提高奶牛的免疫力。

关键词: 围产期奶牛, 山楂, 黄芪, 生化指标, 免疫指标

Abstract: To study the effects of hawthorn and Astragalus on the negative energy balance and immune function of perinatal dairy cows,blood biochemical and immune parameters of cows were measured after adding different doses of hawthorn and Astragalus.45 Holstein cows in 2—4 parity and healthy perinatal period(21 d before delivery—21 d after delivery) were chosed,and divided into group A,group B and group C randomly. Group A was fed a basic diet,groups B and C were added 100 g/(head·d) and 300 g/(head·d)hawthorn and Astragalus(hawthorn and Astragalus 1∶1),respectively.Blood was collected from the tail vein on 21 d (-21 d) before and 7 d (-7 d) before delivery,on the day of delivery(0 d),on 7 d(+7 d) and 21 d(+21 d) after delivery,and blood biochemical and immune parameters of cows in each group were measured.The results showed as followed:compared with group A,in terms of protein indicators,the total protein content of group B increased significantly by 44.10%,and globulin content increased significantly by 66.16% at +21 d.In terms of calcium and phosphorus indicators,the calcium content in group B increased significantly by 47.28% at +7 d.Calcium content increased significantly by 41.67% and phosphorus content increased significantly by 33.57% at +21 d.In terms of fat indicators,the content of non-esterified fatty acids in group C decreased by 27.16% at +7 d,and group B decreased significantly by 34.38% at +21 d.In terms of energy indicators,the glucose contents of group B and C increased significantly by 24.49% and 23.72% at 0 d,respectively.Ketone body content of group B decreased significantly by 25.93% at +21 d.In terms of immune indicators,the levels of immunoglobulin G in group B and C were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0. 01),and the content of tumor necrosis factor alpha in group B was significantly or extremely significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01) at -7 d,0 d,+7 d,and +21 d.In summary,the addition of 100 g/(head·d)hawthorn and Astragalus to perinatal dairy cow diets can regulate lipid, protein and calcium and phosphorus metabolism in postpartum dairy cows,reduce postpartum negative energy balance, reduce postnatal ketone body levels,and improve cow immunity.

Key words: Dairy cows in perinatal period , Hawthorn, Astragalus, Biochemical index, Immune index

中图分类号: