不同肥料配比对马铃薯品质和产量的影响

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用L₉(3⁴)正交试验设计，研究不同肥料N、P、K、B配比对马铃薯渗透调节物质、品质、干质量和产量的影响，以期筛选出适合宁夏回族自治区马铃薯获得较高产量和品质的最佳肥料配比组合。结果表明，N_3（375）P_3（225）K_2（60）B_1（0）和N_3（375）P_3（225）K_3（120）B_3（0.90）配比组合马铃薯块茎中的脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量最高，有利于马铃薯生长发育；N_2（187.5）P_3（225）K_1（0）B_1（0）、N_2（187.5）P_2（112.5）K_2（60）B_2（0.45）、N_2（187.5）P_1（0）K_2（60）B_3（0.90）配比组合有利于提高马铃薯的品质；N_2（187.5）P_1（0）K_2（60）B_3（0.90）配比组合最有利于马铃薯块茎干质量的累积；N_3（375）P_3（225）K_1（0）B_3（0.90）配比组合最有利于提高马铃薯产量，其中，N对产量具有极显著影响，P对产量具有显著影响。综合正交试验及方差分析结果，宁夏回族自治区马铃薯主产区产量、品质俱佳的最佳肥料配比组合为N₃P₃K₂B₃，即N、P、K、B肥施用量分别为375、225、60、0.90 kg/hm²。

关键词: 马铃薯；肥料配比； , N； P； K；硼；渗透调节物质；品质；产量

Abstract: The effects of different fertilizers (N,P,K,B) ratio on potato osmotic adjustment substances contents, dry weight, quality and yield were studied by L₉(3⁴) orthogonal design,so as to select the fertilizer ratio to improve yield and quality of potato in Ningxia.The results showed that the combinations of N₃₍₃₇₅₎P₃₍₂₂₅₎ K₂₍₆₀₎ B₁₍₀₎ and N₃₍₃₇₅₎P₃₍₂₂₅₎ K₃₍₁₂₀₎ B_3(0.90) had the highest proline and soluble sugar contents in potato,which were conducive to potato growth and development;the combinations of N_2(187.5) P₃₍₂₂₅₎K₁₍₀₎ B₁₍₀₎,N_2(187.5) P_2(112.5) K₂₍₆₀₎ B_2(0.45),N_2(187.5)P₁₍₀₎K₂₍₆₀₎ B_3(0.90) were beneficial to improve the quality of potato; the combination of N_2(187.5) P₁₍₀₎K₂₍₆₀₎ B_3(0.90)was conducive to the accumulation of dry weight;the combination of N₃₍₃₇₅₎ P₃₍₂₂₅₎ K₁₍₀₎ B_3(0.90) had the highest potato yield,N had the extremely significant effect on the yield,and P had the significant effect on the yield. By comprehensive analysis,the optimal
combination of fertilizer ratio was N₃P₃K₂B₃,namely application rates of N,P,K,B were 375,225,60,0.90 kg/ha,respectively.

Key words: Potato, Fertilizer ratio, N, P, K, Boron, Osmotic adjustment substances, Quality, Yield

中图分类号:

S532
S147.3

李梦露, 陈彦云, 夏皖豫. 不同肥料配比对马铃薯品质和产量的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2020, 49(1): 44-51.

LI Menglu, CHEN Yanyun, XIA Wanyu. Effects of Different Fertilizer Ratio on Potato Quality and Yield[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 49(1): 44-51.

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